EFL - English as a Foreign Language – learners study English in a country where English is not spoken., ESL - English as a Second Language – learners study English in an English-speaking country to live, study, or work there., EIL - English as an International Language – learners use English to communicate across borders, often not in native-English contexts., ESP - English for Specific Purposes – English learned for work, business, or special contexts., EAP - English for Academic Purposes – English learned for study at school, college, or university., Exposure - Contact with English in real life (e.g. through media, friends, or work)., Acquisition - Picking up English naturally through exposure, without formal study., Learner motivation - The drive or reasons behind why someone studies English (exam, job, migration, travel, personal interest), What motivates learners most: exams, work, travel, or curiosity? - Depends on the learner – but motivation shapes their goals and learning style., Who gets more exposure to English – classroom learners or migrants living in an English-speaking country? - Migrants – they live in an English-speaking environment daily., Which type of learner is more likely to become multilingual? - Learners who already speak two or more languages (e.g. migrants, international students).,

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