Direct Injury - Caused by external force, e.g.,collision; prevent with protective equipment, Indirect Injury - Caused by internal force, e.g.muscle strain; prevent with proper warm-up, Soft Tissue Injury - Injury to muscles, ligaments, tendons; manage with RICE, Hard Tissue Injury - Injury to bones or teeth; manage with immobilisation and medical care, Overuse Injury - Caused by repeated stress over time, e.g., shin splints; manage with rest and gradual training, Sprained Ankle - RICE and gradual return to activity; prevent with ankle strengthening, Concussion - Remove from play, medical assessment, rest; prevent with helmets and safe play, Hamstring Strain - Stretching, physiotherapy; prevent with proper warm-up and conditioning, Heat Exhaustion - Rest in shade, hydrate, cool body; prevent with acclimatisation and hydration, Muscle Cramp - Stretching, massage, hydration; prevent with adequate fluid and electrolytes,

Management and prevention of sporting injuries

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