Control mechanism - A set of self-regulating stages comprising of: optimum point, receptor, coordinator, effector and feedback loop, Homeostasis - The maintenance of a constant internal environment, Homeostatic systems - Control systems that keep the internal environment within narrow limits, keeping the environment in a state of dynamic equilibrium, Hormone - Chemical messengers usually proteins or steroids, Gland - Group of cells that are specialised to secrete a useful substance such as a hormone, Hypothalamus - Part of the brain next to the pituitary gland; the control center for the ANS eg controls temperature, water balance, Negative feedback - When the feedback causes the corrective measures to be turned ‘off’, so returns the system to its original or normal level, Osmoregulation - The homeostatic control of the water potential of the blood., Positive feedback - When the feedback causes the corrective measures to be turned ‘on’, so makes the system deviate  even further from its original or (normal) level, Vasoconstriction - Narrowing the diameter of arterioles near the surface of the skin, so that less blood volume passes close to its surface via capillaries, retaining heat, Vasodilation - Widening the diameter of arterioles near the surface of the skin, so that warm blood passes close to its surface via capillaries, Receptors - Detects changes in their environment, Effectors - either glands or muscles which carry out the body's responses to stimuli. Muscles cause movement (through contraction) and glands release hormones which bring about changes in the body (response), Stimulus - A change in the environment,

Homeostasis basics (sum work review)

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