Genre definition & types - the form of writing, such as a short story, poem, drama. All texts., Author context in literature - the author's biography, their personal beliefs, the historical events they lived through, the social and political climate they were part of, and the literary traditions that shaped their writing, Historical context in literature - understanding the specific time period when a story was written, including the social, cultural, economic, and political conditions, The Title of a work of literature & its significance  - The work's first impression, attracting readers and setting expectations for its content, theme, and tone. A good one can generate curiosity, hint at the central message, or encapsulate the story's essence, guiding the reader's interpretation of the text., PLOT - the sequence of events in a story, Introduction/Exposition - typically the beginning of the story, when the basic information on characters, setting, and conflict are given, Rising Action - When tension rises, as complications begin to occur, Climax - The turning point of a story and moment of greatest suspense. The climax will typically involve the story question and, because of this event, you will ultimately know the answer to that story question., Falling Action - when tension falls after the climax, perhaps as the main character is trying to resolve the conflict. Because not all your questions are answered, we await the next element., Conclusion/resolution - your main questions are answered; a feeling of finality., Setting  - The time and place of a literary work. Details that suggest the time of day, year, season, or historical period., Point of view   - the perspective from which a story is told, first-person point of view - one of the characters is actually telling the story, using the first-person pronoun I, second-person point of view - when a narrator is telling the story to you, using the second-person pronoun you, often used when a person writes directions, third-person limited point of view - the narrator focuses on the thoughts and feelings of just one character, using third-person pronouns, third-person omniscient point of view - the narrator focuses on the thoughts and feelings of more than just one character, using third-person pronouns, Mood   - The feeling or atmosphere that the writer creates for the reader. (Diction (the author’s choice of words)/Syntax (the author’s arrangement of words)/Details of setting, imagery), Tone  - The writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward a subject, character, or audience. Tone can be serious, humorous, sarcastic, indignant, objective, etc. To determine the tone of a work, notice diction and other details., The 5 Sensory details - descriptive language that appeals to the reader's five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell, Internal Conflict - a struggle within a character’s mind (e.g. decision/choice), External Conflict (list various kinds of external) - a clash between a character and an outside force, such as another character, society, or a force of nature (character vs. character, character vs. society, character vs. nature, and character vs. technology), Characterization   - the process of presenting the different aspects of character and personality of someone in a literary work., Foreshadowing - a writer’s use of hints or clues in early scenes to suggest events that will occur later, Flashback  - An account of an event or a conversation that happened before the beginning of the story. It interrupts the chronological order of events to reveal information that can help readers understand the characters or the current situation., Suspense  - the excitement or tension that readers feel as they wait to find out how a story ends or a conflict is resolved, Theme  - the central message about life or human nature in a literary work, expressed by a complete sentence. It is not the same thing as a subject; instead, it’s what the author wishes to convey about the subject., Author’s style--voice  - An author's distinctive personality that shines through the writing, expressed through their unique word choices, tone, and sentence structure, Symbolism  - a literary device where an object, person, place, or action represents something beyond its literal meaning, such as an abstract idea, emotion, or theme. For example, a white dove might symbolize peace, or the color red could represent passion or danger., Surprise endings - Endings that create shock by subverting expectations., Predictable ending  - Endings that typically offer satisfaction by resolving foreshadowed events., Figurative Language - Words that aren’t meant to be taken as literally true. Similes and metaphors are types of figurative language., extended metaphor - a comparison between two different things that is developed over several lines, paragraphs, or even an entire work, rather than being limited to a single sentence, metaphor - a comparison of 2 unlike things saying one thing IS the other. Ex: The moon is a piece of cheese., simile - a comparison of 2 unlike things using like, as, than, or resembles. Ex: The moon looks like a piece of cheese., hyperbole - in rhetoric, an obvious and deliberate exaggeration or overstatement, intended for effect and not to be taken literally, such as "He had a million excuses"., personification  - when you give human actions, feelings, or traits to things that are not human, like animals, objects, or even ideas, oxymoron - Two words with opposite or contradictory meanings are placed next to each other to create a new, often surprising, effect or to make a point. Think of it as a fun contradiction, like "jumbo shrimp" (jumbo means large, shrimp are small) or "deafening silence" (deafening means loud, silence means no sound)., Irony - a special kind of contrast between appearance and reality—usually one in which reality is the opposite of what it seems, situational irony - when the reader expects one thing and the opposite occurs, verbal irony - when the speaker says one thing but means the opposite, dramatic irony - When the reader/audience knows something that a character doesn’t know, Satire  - A type of comedy that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize something wrong or foolish in society, hoping to encourage change., Idiom  - A group of words whose combined meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words. For example, "it's raining cats and dogs" is an idiom for heavy rain, not animals falling from the sky., Allusion - a reference to a mythological, literary, or historical person, place, or thing. Ex: “He met his Waterloo.”, Alliteration - the repetition of the same sound at the beginning of words in a phrase or sentence. Ex: "She shears sheep", assonance - The repetition of stressed vowel sounds within words that have different end consonants. In the phrase “quite like,” for example, there is a similarity of vowel sounds but not consonants., consonance - repeats consonant sounds within nearby words (e.g., “He struck the clock with a quick flick”)., onomatopoeia - Where a word imitates or mimics the actual sound it represents. By using these "sound-effect" words, writers can create vivid imagery and help readers "hear" the actions and descriptions in the text., Repetition in literature - When a writer uses the same word, phrase, or line multiple times for emphasis or effect. Unlike accidental repeating, this technique is intentional and helps create rhythm, highlight important ideas, or intensify emotions., Inference in literature - to make a logical guess, based on the story and your own experiences. Use evidence in the text to support your inferences., Paradox - where a statement or situation seems contradictory or nonsensical but reveals a deeper, often unexpected, truth upon closer examination. Ex: "I must be cruel, only to be kind", Juxtaposition  - The placement of two contrasting ideas, people, or things side-by-side to highlight their differences., Compare & contrast - to show how two or more things are alike and different,

LITERARY TERMS Assignment-Study

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