Infant: Sensorimotor (Piaget: birth-2 years), Trust vs. Mistrust (Erikson: birth-1 year), Respond to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (Erikson), Relationship between self and environment through sensory and motor perceptions (Piaget), Parent provides best source of comfort, Use calm, soothing voices; avoid abrupt movements, Major stressor: separation from parents, impaired trust, Toddler: Preoperational (Piaget: 2-7 years), Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Erikson: 1-3 year), Independence, self control, and negativism (Erikson), Differentiates self from others and objects (Piaget), Experiments with behaviors, animism (Piaget), Repetition/Rituals, Appreciate control/autonomy, Major stressor: separation from family, restriction of movement, loss of control, Preschooler: Preoperational (Piaget: 4-7 years), Initiative vs. Guilt (Erikson: 3-6 years), Likes to please, eager to learn (Erikson), Initiates many activities without finishing others (Erikson), Sense of accomplishment when successful (Erikson), Egocentrism and transductive reasoning (Piaget), Magical Thinking and imaginary friends (Piaget), Major Stressors: Mutilation, punishment, and loss of competence (initiative), Bandaids, School Age: Concrete Operational (7-11 years), Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12 years), Initiation and follow through; interested in how things work; goal of competency and mastery (Erikson), Increased interaction with peers (Erikson), Sees multiple points of view, thinks through actions, no abstract thinking (Piaget), Conservation, classification and collections (Piaget), Major Stressors: failure, forced dependence, Like simple tasks and want to be involved, Adolescent: Formal Operational (11-20 years), Identity vs. Role Confusion (11-20 years), Develops own sense of self; Exploration of personal, professional, societal roles (Erikson), Abstract, logical and organized thinking (Piaget), Peer interaction is KEY, Want privacy, confidentiality, respect, and feedback, Ease into discussions, need time to think and react, Major stressors: being different from peers, lack of independence, lack of privacy,

Pediatric Developmental Stages

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