Infants: Newborns sleep around 16 hours per day, mostly in short bursts., About 50% of sleep in infancy is REM, supporting rapid brain development., The sleep cycle is shorter, with frequent awakenings linked to feeding needs., Children: Children typically sleep 10–12 hours, with decreasing REM as NREM dominates., NREM Stage 3 sleep is deepest during childhood, aiding growth and recovery., Regular routines help consolidate circadian rhythms during childhood., Adolescents: Teenagers need about 9 hours of sleep but often get less due to lifestyle., REM sleep makes up roughly 20–25% and often occurs later in the night., A biological sleep-phase delay makes adolescents fall asleep later., Older Adults: Older adults may sleep only 6–7 hours with more fragmented sleep., REM sleep decreases, and lighter NREM stages are more frequent., Age-related changes in melatonin production disrupt sleep onset and maintenance.,

Sleep across a lifespan

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