Ports - logical connection point on a device that lets software and services talk to each other over a network., Protocols - rules for how computers talk to each other., FTP (TCP 20 / 21) - Moves files between computers over a network., SSH (TCP 22) - Secure command-line remote login (like a locked tunnel to another computer)., Telnet (TCP 23) - Unsecure remote login (like SSH but with no security)., RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) (TCP 3389) - Lets you see and control another computer’s screen., SMTP (TCP 25) - Send email from your computer to the internet., POP3 (TCP 110) - Downloads email from the server and deletes it there., IMAP (TCP143) - Keeps emails on the server and syncs across devices., HHTP (TCP 80) - Loads websites – not secure., HHTPS (TCP 443) - Loads websites securely with encryption., DNS (UDP 53) - Translates names like google.com into IP addresses, DHCP (UDP 67 / 68) - Gives your device an IP address automatically., NetBIOS (UDP 137 / 138) - Helps older Windows computers find and talk to each other on a LAN., SMB (TCP 445) - Share files and printers over the network., LDAP (TCP 389) - Looks up user info like usernames, phone numbers, etc. Often used in logins., SNMP (UDP 161 / 162) - Monitors and manages devices like switches, routers, printers., TFTP (UDP 69) - Sending or receiving small files, mostly by network devices (like routers, switches),

Network Protocols and Ports

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