Criminal Law - Any case which has caused grievance or harm to society as a whole e.g. arson or murder, fraud, Civil Law - Any case which involves the rights or problems of an individual or organisation e.g. divorce, breach of contract., Judge/Case made Law - Laws based on rulings made by judges. For example it was agreed by the High Court and the House of Lords that it would be lawful to withdraw the treatment from a patient on life support in 1993., Common Law - a body of law derived from judicial decisions, court rulings, and established customs, Parliamentary Statute Law - Laws passed by parliament., International/European Law - Laws made by International courts, European Union or Council of Europe., Law - apply in all situations and normally apply to everyone in society (apart from children who aren’t affected by laws until they reach a certain age)., Rule - apply in certain situations- i.e. you might have school rules which apply to everyone in a school. Punishments vary and are not often consistent., The Equality act  2010 - Law that protected UK citizens from discrimination covering 9 protected characteristics., 9 protected characteristics in the Equality act  - e, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation., The Human Rights act 1998 - Same as European Covention on human rights guarantees UK Citizens to key rights such as freedom of speech, expression and right to an education., Inchoate offences  - offences where no harm has actually come about but there was intention to cause harm. (Conspiracy or attempt), Joint Enterprise - Assisting a criminal, Examples of laws that protect us from harm  - Theft act and Health and safety laws., Scenarios where the law settles disputes  - divorce, land and inheritance., Habeas Corpus - The presumption of innocent until proven guilty , Equal before the law - Everyone is under the law even the government and monarch., Legal aid - Funding for people who earn less than 15,000 who cannot afford a lawyer., Solicitor - don’t usually represent in court unless it’s a minor case. They are usually in charge of legal matters outside the court or help prepare cases for court, Lawyer/ Barrister - represents you in court and either defends you against the charges if you are accused, or prosecutes you on behalf of the accuser. In a criminal case they will prosecute you on behalf of the Crown. They sometimes both wear robes/wigs.,  On duty Solicitor - These are solicitors who are assigned to represent people arrested on suspicion of crime. They are your free legal defence when you are held in a police station., Examples which show people are not always treated as innocent until proven guilty  - Staffordshire police tweeting the names of drivers charged with drink driving, who had not yet been found guilty in court., Examples which show we are not all equal before the law - Legal aid cuts meaning not everyone can access money to pay for a solicitor and Counter terror laws can see you be held for 14 days where as other crimes its 24 hours. , Crown Prosecution service - They are responsible for bringing cases against suspected criminals to court/trial, Employer Tribunal  - Where employees bring cases against their employers., Court of Appeal - A court which hears appeals from people found guilty of crimes in a crown court or magistrate., High Court - Where serious Civil cases are heard., Supreme Court - Highest Court in the UK has final say., Examples of rights and freedoms protected by law. - freedom of speech, right to education and workers rights ( trade Unions having to be consulted in cases of dismissal),

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