The dark ages - Period after the downfall of Rome, lots of plagues and downfall in Western Europe during this time, Feudalism - when the king lended out parts of land for nobles to rule in each part seperate in exchange for military assistance , tithe - portion of income that would go to the Catholic Church , usury - charging interest on loans, considered sinful by Catholics so was mostly practiced by Jews., libel - f, 5 pillars - 1)declaration of faith 2)daily prayer 3)giving alms to poor 4)fasting during Ramadan 5) complete trip to Meccaf, quran - muslim sacred text, Sunni/Shiite divisions  - 2 Islamic groups that disagreed on caliph. First group thought it should be an important male and the other thought it should be a descendant of muhammad, theravada Buddhism - older mroe strict form of Buddhism, focused on enlightenment through meditation, Mahayana Buddhism - branch of Buddhism that believe Buddha is god and nirvana is achievable in one lifetime, the 4 noble truths - 1 all life is full of suffering 2 the cause of suffering is negative actions 3 the only way to beat suffering is to beat nonvirtue 4 the only way to overcome non virtue is to follow the eightfold path, fall of Timbuktu - once a center of Islamic scholars, declined due to changing trade routes, trans Saharan trade - trade routes that connect sub Saharan Africa with North Africa and beyond, salt and slaves, aztec religion - polytheistic rituals such as human sacrifice to gods, aztec government - Centralized empire with emperor. They were chosen by a council of military, elder, nobles, and priests., motives for eploration - god gold and glory, encomienda system - spanish labor system that forced native Americans to do forced labor, new law of indies - spanish laws to protect indigionus people, weren’t really enforcedd, slave trade - trade of slaves from Africa, started off trading prisoners and demand rose so they went to capture people ad sell them that way, UN genocide convention - december 9th 1948, treaty that made genocide a crime to put an end to genocide, Eugenics - pseudoscientific belief in improving the human race, Ethonology - each race was different species, a bigger head meant your smarter, social Darwinism - Natural selection. People at the top fo the economic pyramid were the fittest and the ones at the bottom were unfit, little saint hugh - boy believed to be kidnapped by Jews from blood libel, Muhammad - founder of islam, Abraham - patriarch n Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Founder of Judaism , Aku Bakr - First caliph after muhammad, Mansa Musa - wealthy Mali emperor Islam convert with tons of gold, Umma - a Muslim groups and community centered around Muslim faith, People of the book - christians and Jew, inferior in Muslims eyes but superior to polytheistic people,

world history final

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