Chemical Reaction - When substances change to form new ones, Reactant - A substance you start with in a reaction, Product - A substance you end up with after the reaction, Acid - A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water, Base - A substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in water, Alkali - A base that dissolves in water, pH Scale - A scale from 0–14 showing how acidic or basic a substance is, Universal Indicator - A mixture of dyes that shows pH with colour when reacting to a substance, Dissociate - When a substance breaksdown/separates into ions in water, Neutralisation - A reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water, Atom - The smallest building block of matter, Element - A substance made of only one type of atom, Nucleus - The centre of an atom, contains protons and neutrons, Proton - A positive particle with mass, found in the nucleus., Neutron - A neutral particle with mass, found in the nucleus, Electron - A negative particle without mass, that moves around the nucleus, Electron Cloud - The region where electrons are found around the nucleus, sometimes represented by shells, Valence Electrons - Electrons in the outermost shell; involved in reactions, Ion - An atom or molecule with a difference in the number of protons and electrons, giving it a charge, Cation - A positively charged ion (lost electrons), Anion - A negatively charged ion (gained electrons), Isotope - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, and so, different mass, Mass Number - The total number of protons and neutrons in a single atom - cannot be a decimal, Atomic Number - The number of protons in an atom - cannot be a decimal, Atomic Mass - The weighted average of the mass numbers of all atoms of an element in nature - can be a decimal, Physical Change - A change in appearance, not a new substance, Acid-Metal reaction - A reaction that produces a salt and hydrogen gas, Acid-Carbonate Reaction - A reaction that produces a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas, Conservation of Mass - the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products, Neutral - A substance that is neither acidic nor basic; has a pH of 7,
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Key Chemistry Words
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Mrsmithwordwall
Secondary
Y9
Science
Chemistry
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