Food is important to us. We need food: (a) to provide us with ____ to carry out daily activities; (b) for the ____ and repair of our body; and (c) to keep us ____. • For our cells to be able to use the nutrients in food, it must be ____ down into smaller substances. • The process of breaking up food into smaller substances is called ____. • The digested food can enter the ____. • Blood carries the digested food to all parts of the ____ to be used by the cells. When we eat food, it first enters the ____. The ____ cut large pieces of food into smaller pieces through the process of chewing. Salivary glands produce saliva, a digestive juice, which softens food and contains enzymes that speed up the digestion of ____. The ____ rolls food into a ball and pushes it into the ____. Food passes through the gullet to reach the ____. Stomach produces digestive juice that contains acid, which kills the bacteria in the food, and enzymes, which speed up the digestion of ____. After spending a few hours in the stomach, food is then released little by little into the ____. When food enters the small intestine, ____ is released from the gall bladder. Bile is produced by the ____ and stored in the gall bladder. Bile breaks up large ____ droplets into smaller fat droplets. When food enters the small intestine, bile from the ____ and digestive juice from the ____ are released into the small intestine. The small intestine also produces digestive juice that contains ____. These enzymes speed up the digestion of ____, ____ and ____. As food travels along the small intestine, digestion takes place. At the end of the small intestine, the undigested food enters the ____. ____ takes place in the large intestine. Most of the ____ passes into the large intestine. The remaining undigested food, which is known as ____, continues to move along the large intestine and is eventually removed from the body. Near the end of the large intestine is the ____. The rectum stores the faeces temporarily. When there is a sufficient amount of faeces, they leave the large intestine through the ____. ____ is having difficulty in clearing faeces from the rectum. When the faeces are too hard and ____, they cannot move smoothly along the large intestine to the anus. This results in constipation. To prevent constipation, we should have a diet that is high in ____ and drink plenty of ____ so that the faeces can move smoothly along the large intestine to be cleared. Consuming an excessive amount of alcohol (also known as alcohol ____) can lead to liver damage and liver ____. When carbohydrates are digested, ____ is formed, which is absorbed into the blood. ____ occurs when the body is unable to control the amount of sugar in the blood, resulting in a high amount of sugar in the blood after a meal. To reduce the risk of developing diabetes, we should: o adopt an active lifestyle by ____ regularly; and o eat a ____ diet.

Topic 9 Digestion

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