Macronutrients - Elements that are required in large amounts by living things, such as calcium, are called, Micronutrients - Elements that are important but only in small amounts, like selenium or iron, are called, Organic molecules - Molecules containing carbon (C), oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H) are called o, Fertilizers - provide essential nutrients which are beneficial for agriculture, but they can become pollutants if overused., Magnesium - is an important inorganic compound for strong bones and teeth in people and photosynthesis in plants., Carbohydrates - Our energy comes from organic starch and sugar produced by plants in the form of, Iron - lants need _______ to produce chlorophyll and people use it for healthy blood., Lipids - Organic fats and oils produced by both plants and animals are called, Nucleic Acids - Organic compounds responsible for heredity are called, Proteins - are organic compounds found in meat and they are responsible for growth and repair of tissue., Point Source Pollution - refers to pollution that has an obvious source of entry directly into the environment, such as a storm sewer outlet into a river., Phytoremediation - is the practice of using plants to reduce pollution in the environment. They usually absorb pollutants through their roots and include plants such as cattails or alfalfa., Photoremediation - (also called photolysis) refers to the ability of sunlight to break down or degrade certain pollutants, including oil spills., Absorption - In plants, the roots allow the uptake of minerals and water through __________ from the soil., Osmosis - Water enters roots through the process of ________., Nitrogen Cycle - allows atmospheric (free) nitrogen to be turned into useful compounds, and then later return to the atmosphere to start the cycle over., Nitrogen Fixation - the process where nitrogen elements are converted to nitrogen compounds. This is accomplished through lightening, or through bacteria that consume nitrogen., Denitrification - Nitrogen compounds are broken down by other types of bacteria and the elemental “free” nitrogen is then returned to the atmosphere through the process of, Eutrophication - is the loading of nutrients (nitrates, phosphates, organic waste) into a body of water which causes algal blooms and loss of dissolved oxygen., Parts per million (ppm) - Toxic substances are often measured in ____., Heavy Metal - Mercury is an example of a toxic _______ ________ that becomes concentrated at the bottom of rivers and lakes where organisms ingest it., LD50 - Tests to find out how much of a toxin is lethal is done by determining what amount will kill half of the test subjects,

Environmental Chemistry Topic C

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