Energy is the ____ to do work. The unit of measurement of energy is the ____. ____ potential energy is stored in objects that are stretched or compressed. ____ potential energy is stored in fuels, batteries and food. ____ potential energy is stored in objects which are placed at a height above the ground. Moving objects possess ____ energy. ____ energy allows us to see objects. ____ energy keeps us warm and allows us to cook food. ____ energy can be found in electrical circuits when a current flows. ____ energy allows us to hear and communicate. ____ is a measure of the degree of hotness of an object. Temperature can be measured using a ____ or a data logger with a temperature ____. Thermal energy is transferred from a region of ____ temperature to a region of ____ temperature. This transfer of thermal energy occurs until both regions A and B are at the ____ temperature. The principle of conservation of energy states that: (a) energy cannot be ____ or destroyed; (b) energy can be ____ from one form to another; and (c) the ____ energy before and after the conversion of energy is the same. Power is the amount of ____ converted and/or transferred in one ____. To calculate power, we use the formula: power = energy / time Power is increased when: (a) ____ energy is converted and/or transferred in the same amount of time taken; (b) the same amount of energy is converted and/or transferred in a ____ amount of time; and/or (c) more energy is converted and/or transferred in a shorter amount of time. • The unit of measurement of power is the ____. Power stations generate ____. Electricity is generated in the following sequence: 1. ____ - Fossil fuels are burnt to generate thermal energy. 2. ____ - Thermal energy is used to boil water and turn it into moving steam. 3. ____ - The moving steam turns the turbines. 4. ____ - The turbines then turn the generator to generate electrical energy. After electricity is generated in the power stations, it is distributed to homes and offices by wires known as ____ lines. To reduce energy loss during the transmission, electricity is transmitted at ____ voltages. A ____ transformer is used to convert electricity from a lower voltage to a higher voltage. After transmission at high voltages through the transmission lines, the electricity is converted back to lower voltages by ____ transformers that are located near offices and homes. A step-down transformer converts electricity from a ____ voltage to a ____ voltage before transmitting it to the end-users.

Topic 1 Energy

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