Mouth and teeth - begins mechanical digestion (chewing) of food and mixes the food with saliva, Salivary glands - produce saliva, which contains amylase which begins digestion of starch, Oesophagus - squeezes the swallowed food into the stomach by a process called peristalsis, Stomach - produces the gastric juices containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid. Smooth muscle in the walls mix the food with the gastric juices. Pepsin starts the digestion of proteins., Pancreas - makes digestive enzymes to help complete digestion food in the small intestine. Also makes insulin and glucagon to help control blood glucose levels, Gall bladder - stores bile made in the liver to help fat digestion in the small intestine, Liver - makes bile and stores it in the gall bladder, Small intestine - completes digestion of fats, starches and proteins and absorbs the soluble molecules into the blood, Large intestine - works to form the faeces and absorbs water, Anus - passes (egests) undigested material out of the body as faeces, Enzymes - Are biological catalysts that speed up digestion of food, Amylase - Is a carbohydrase enzyme which breaks down starch in the mouth, Pepsin - is a protease enzyme which starts the break down of proteins in the stomach, Tryspin - is a protease enzyme made in the pancreas and continues the digetion of protein in the small intestine, Lipase - is made in the pancreas and digests fats in the small intestine,

GCSE Digestive system

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