1) Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)? a) atoms b) molecules c) matter d) elements 2) There are 118 different elements known to science today. How many of these are naturally occurring on Earth a) 116 b) 98 c) 50 d) 76 3) 3. Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter? p. 155 a) electrons b) protons c) molecules d) atoms 4) 4. The letter H stands for the element _____ . p. 155 a) Hydrogen b) Hydroxide c) Hydrophilic d) Helium 5) 5. An example of an elemental molecule is _____ . p. 156 a) hydrogen peroxide b) common table salt c) water d) the oxygen in air 6) 6. As the basic unit of matter_____, cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means. p. 154 a) molecules b) oxygen c) atoms d) water 7) 7. Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties? p. 158 a) chemical b) physical c) mechanical d) electrical 8) 8. An example of a physical change is _____. p. 170 a) rusting iron b) ice melting to water c) burning wood d) oxidation 9) 9. An example of a chemical change is _____ . p. 169 a) water changing to ice b) ice melting to water c) the oxidation of hair color products d) temporary hair color 10) 10. Which of the following is an example of a pure substance? p. 158 a) concrete b) salt c) powder d) salt water 11) 11. _____ , also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen. p. 167 a) Oxides b) Salts c) Acids d) Bases 12) 12. A _____ is a stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance. p. 159 a) suspension b) solvent c) solution d) solute 13) 13. Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension? p. 161 a) surfactant b) suspension c) emulsion d) solution 14) 14. An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is _____ . p. 163 a) calamine lotion b) mayonnaise c) witch hazel d) cold cream 15) 15. _____ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services. p. 163 a) Powders b) Shampoos and conditioners c) Astringents d) Soaps 16) 16. The tail of a surfactant molecule is _____, or oil loving. p. 161 a) miscible b) immiscible c) lipophilic d) hydrophilic 17) 17. Nail polish, with glitter that can separate from the polish, is an example of a(n) _____ . p. 160 a) emulsion b) mixture c) solution d) suspension 18) 18. Water-in-oil emulsions feel _____ than oil-in-water emulsions. p. 163 a) greasier b) hotter c) wetter d) colder 19) 19. _____is the ingredient used to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft. p. 164 a) Amino acid b) Ammonia c) An alkaline solution d) Alpha hydroxy acid 20) 20. Volatile organic compounds contain _____ and evaporate very easily. p. 164 a) carbon b) hydrogen c) oxygen d) nitrogen 21) 21. _____ is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide. p. 169 a) Combustion b) Ionization c) Reduction d) Oxidation 22) 22. The pH scale is _____ . p. 166 a) arithmetic b) logarithmic c) mathematic d) linear 23) 23. A(n) _____charged ion is called an anion. p. 165 a) positively b) neutrally c) negatively d) naturally 24) 24. The pH scale measures the _____ concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline solutions. p. 166 a) unstable b) hydrogen peroxide c) liquid d) water-based 25) 25. What does a pH below 7 indicate? p. 166 a) a logarithmic solution b) an alkaline solution c) an acidic solution d) a neutral solution 26) 26. The letters pH denote _____ , which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance. p. 165 a) potential hydrogen b) potential hydroxide c) partial hydrogen d) partially hydrophilic 27) 27. Nonaqueous solutions, such as alcohol or oil, do not have _____ . p. 168 a) mass b) pH c) their own distinct physical and chemical properties d) volume or shape 28) 28. What is the average pH for hair and skin? p. 167 a) 3.5 b) 5 c) 7.5 d) 9 29) 29. Acidic solutions tend to _____ the hair. p. 167 a) swell b) harden c) soften d) relax 30) 30. _____ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen. p. 169 a) Application b) Reduction c) Reaction d) Oxidation 31) 31. When oxygen is combined with a substance, the substance is _____ . p. 169 a) oxidized b) reduced c) united d) blended 32) 32. Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) _____ reaction. p. 169 a) rapid oxidation b) endothermic c) redox d) exothermic 33) 33. What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur? p. 170 a) endothermic b) acid–alkali neutralization c) exothermic d) redox 34) 34. What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt? p. 168 a) endothermic b) acid–alkali neutralization c) exothermic d) redox 35) 35. The SDS contains _____ categories of information. p. 174 a) 10 b) 12 c) 14 d) 16 36) 36. On a Safety Data Sheet, what category would include routes of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects? p. 175 a) physical and chemical properties b) ecological information c) toxicology information d) stability and reactivity 37) 37. As part of the SDS categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects as well as. p. 174 a) product use b) required treatment c) use restrictions d) containment and clean-up 38) 38. On Safety Data Sheets, emergency procedures, protective equipment, and proper methods of containment and cleanup are listed as _____. p. 175 a) accidental release measures b) first-aid measures c) exposure controls/personal protection d) toxicology information 39) 39. As part of the SDS categories, handling and storage lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including _____. p. 175 a) incompatibilities b) ingredients c) reactions d) identifiers 40) 40. The location you use for mixing chemicals must be _____. p. 173 a) unlocked at all times b) well ventilated c) kept at 98 degrees Fahrenheit d) accessible only to managers

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