target cell - any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc., pheromones - chemical substances that are created and emitted by organisms as odorants—often as oils or sweat—into the environment that may influence the behavior or physiology of other members of their species, endocrine glands - An organ that makes hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body, endocrine cells - specialized cells that synthesize and release hormones directly into the bloodstream, influencing distant target cells and tissues to regulate various bodily functions, hormone - a chemical substance, often a peptide or steroid, produced by an endocrine gland or other tissue that is released into the bloodstream and acts on specific target cells or organs to regulate physiological processes, neurosecretory cells - specialized neurons that release chemical messengers (neurohormones) directly into the bloodstream, acting as hormones to regulate distant target tissues, thus acting as an interface between the nervous and endocrine systems, non neural endocrine cells - specialized cells, distinct from neurons, that synthesize and secrete hormones, neurohemal organ - a specialized structure where neurosecretory cells release hormones (neurohormones) directly into the bloodstream, facilitating systemic communication and regulation, peptide/protein hormones - Peptide hormones consist of short chains of amino acids, whereas protein hormones are longer polypeptides, steroid hormones - any of a group of hormones that belong to the class of chemical compounds known as steroids, amine hormones - synthesized from the amino acids tryptophan or tyrosine, pituitary gland - a small, pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain, often called the "master gland" because it regulates the functions of many other endocrine glands and plays a crucial role in controlling hormone levels and vital bodily functions like growth, metabolism, and reproduction., hypothalamus - The area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst., anterior pituitary - the glandular, front lobe of the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, that produces and secretes hormones regulating growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response, posterior pituitary - the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, a structure that stores and releases two hormones, oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin), synthesized in the hypothalamus, antidiuretic hormones (ADH) - A hormone that helps blood vessels constrict and helps the kidneys control the amount of water and salt in the body, oxytocin - a natural hormone that manages key aspects of the female and male reproductive systems, including labor and delivery and lactation, as well as aspects of human behavior, tropins/tropic hormones - those hormones that work on other endocrine glands. Most tropic hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary in the brain., adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol and other steroid hormones, playing a key role in the body's stress response, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, Luteinizing hormone (LH) - a glycoprotein hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, that plays a key role in regulating reproductive function in both males and females, stimulating the production of sex hormones and mediating proliferative signals in the gonads, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) - a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), growth hormone (GH) - A protein made by the pituitary gland that helps control body growth and the use of glucose and fat in the body, Hypothalamo-hypophyseal system - brings nervous and endocrine cells together in one anatomical entity in which the nervous system and the glandular cells of the anterior hypophysis communicate, releasing hormone (RH) - a peptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of specific hormones from the pituitary gland, inhibiting hormone (IH) - hormone that signals the pituitary gland to reduce or halt the release of another hormone, acting as a brake on the endocrine system, HPA Axis - a crucial neuroendocrine system responsible for the body's response to stress, involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands, and leading to the release of cortisol, Androgens - male sex hormone, is defined as a substance capable of developing and maintaining masculine characteristics in reproductive tissues, Estrogen - A type of hormone made by the body that helps develop and maintain female sex characteristics and the growth of long bones, Progesterone - a naturally occurring steroid hormone, primarily produced by the ovaries and placenta, that plays a crucial role in the female reproductive cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis, Gonadotropins - peptide hormones that regulate ovarian and testicular function, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) - a hypothalamic peptide hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), crucial for regulating reproductive function,

Endocrine System AP bio Definitions

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