1) What is coal primarily composed of? a) A mixture of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in equal parts b) Mostly carbon, with stored energy from ancient plants c) Primarily oxygen and hydrogen from decomposed trees d) A combination of sulfur and carbon from underground fossils 2) Where does the energy in coal originally come from? a) From plants that lived millions of years ago in swampy forests b) From volcanic activity heating underground minerals c) From the Earth’s core transferring heat into rock layers d) From compressed gases released by underground bacteria 3) Why is coal classified as a combustible rock? a) It contains sulfur, which allows it to catch fire b) It stores energy from ancient plants and burns when ignited c) It is formed by high-pressure lava cooling underground d) It is filled with oxygen, which makes it highly flammable 4) What conditions were necessary for coal to form? a) High levels of sunlight caused plant material to turn into coal quickly b) Lava flows from volcanoes burned trees into coal deposits c) Strong winds buried trees under sand, turning them into coal d) Plant material had to be buried in swamps, where low oxygen levels prevented decay 5) How does coal retain energy from ancient plants? a) The heat from the Earth’s core continuously refuels the coal b) The carbon in coal contains stored energy from prehistoric plant material c) Coal absorbs energy from the sun through rock layers d) The high water content of coal preserves the energy inside it 6) What is one major difference between surface mining and deep mining? a) The ground is removed in surface mining, while deep mining extracts coal without disturbing the land. b) Deep mining produces more coal, but surface mining is safer for workers. c) Surface mining alters the landscape, while deep mining has underground risks. d) Deep mining is only used for soft coal, while surface mining is used for hard coal. 7) Why does surface mining require land reclamation? a) It is a legal requirement in all countries that mine coal. b) Removing the ground layers alchanges the landscape and reneeds restoration. c) It improves the quality of coal found underground. d) Without it, coal reserves would be permanently destroyed. 8) Why must gas be vented out of underground coal mines? a) It prevents oxygen from entering the tunnels, making mining easier. b) It ensures coal does not lose its natural properties before extraction. c) It reduces heat inside the mine, making working conditions more comfortable. d) It prevents methane from accumulating and causing explosions. 9) How does deep mining impact the land above it? a) It prevents plants from growing by disrupting underground water sources. b) The ground above tunnels can collapse, causing sinkholes and structural damage. c) It increases the risk of forest fires due to underground heat buildup. d) The land becomes richer in minerals, making it more fertile for agriculture. 10) Which is a common environmental issue related to both surface and deep mining? a) They both contribute to soil erosion and dust pollution. b) Deep mining and surface mining both require burning large amounts of coal. c) They both can cause water contamination from mining operations. d) Only surface mining has environmental risks, while deep mining is completely safe. 11) What is a major concern with water near abandoned underground mines? a) The water supply in the area becomes permanently depleted. b) Mining causes water to evaporate more quickly, leading to drought. c) Coal reacts with water, creating hazardous steam in underground chambers. d) Acidic water can drain from abandoned mines, polluting surrounding ecosystems. 12) What is one of the main uses of coal? a) Generating electricity in thermoelectric power plants b) Heating water in hydroelectric dams c) Producing natural gas directly from coal deposits d) Powering solar energy panels 13) Why do some industries and businesses use coal? a) For producing electricity in nuclear reactors b) To power hydroelectric dams for renewable energy c) Because they have their own power plants that use coal to generate electricity d) To manufacture natural gas for transportation 14) What is coal coke? a) A hard material made by cooling coal in water, used in steelmaking b) A liquid fuel produced by heating coal in underground chambers c) A material made by baking coal in furnaces, used in steelmaking d) A chemical substance naturally found in coal that strengthens metal 15) How can coal be processed into other forms of energy? a) By crushing coal into fine powder and mixing it with water b) By turning it into gases and liquids that can be used as fuels c) By heating it in direct sunlight to extract solar energy d) By freezing it to separate its natural gas components 16) What is another term for the gases and liquids derived from coal? a) Compressed fossil fuels b) Carbon-based electricity c) Synthetic fuels d) Coal condensation products 17) How does sulfur dioxide (SO2) released from burning coal affect the environment? a) It improves soil quality by increasing sulfur levels b) It strengthens the ozone layer, reducing UV radiation c) It makes the air smell better and reduces pollution d) It contributes to acid rain and can cause respiratory illnesses 18) Which pollutant from burning coal is most responsible for smog and lung disease? a) Carbon dioxide (CO2) b) Particulates, which contribute to smog and lung disease c) Methane (CH4), which forms a thick layer of smog d) Oxygen (O2), which reacts with pollutants to create smog 19) Why are nitrogen oxides (NOx) dangerous pollutants from coal combustion? a) They increase oxygen levels in the atmosphere b) They contribute to smog formation and cause respiratory problems c) They help remove heavy metals from the air d) They only affect plants but not humans 20) What is one major environmental impact of burning coal? a) CO2 is absorbed by plants, improving air quality b) It releases gases that contribute to acid rain and smog c) Coal produces only steam when burned d) Burning coal reduces greenhouse gas levels 21) How can mercury and other heavy metals released from burning coal impact living organisms? a) They enhance brain function in humans and animals b) They increase oxygen levels in water sources c) They can cause long-term damage to the nervous system d) They break down quickly and have no lasting effects 22) What is the main reason coal burning is linked to climate change? a) It reduces oxygen levels in the atmosphere b) It produces methane, which quickly disappears into the air c) It releases carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming d) It produces gases that cool the Earth's temperature

TECH - L4: Coal Basics

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