1) What is the greenhouse effect? 2) Name three greenhouse gases. 3) How does the greenhouse effect contribute to global warming? 4) What human activities increase greenhouse gases? Give 3 5) What term is used to describe the total amount of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂), produced directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, or activity? 6) How can individuals reduce their carbon footprint? 7) What is the difference between El Nino and La Nina. 8) What are the effects of El Niño? 9) Explain La Niña. 10) What are the effects of La Niña? 11) What term refers to the thinning and reduction of the Earth's ozone layer, primarily caused by human-made chemicals? 12) Why is the ozone layer important? 13) What chemicals cause ozone depletion? 14) What international treaty was created to address ozone depletion? 15) How has the ozone layer changed since the implementation of the Montreal Protocol? 16) What are the three UV radiation that our ozone layer blocks? 17) What are the basic characteristics of a star? 18) What is the primary source of a star's energy? 19) How are stars classified? 20) What determines the color of a star? 21) What stage of a star is called to be the most stable stage and why? 22) What is a white dwarf? 23) Define stellar evolution. 24) What are the three fundamental stages of a star? 25) What happens to a star after it leaves the main sequence? 26) What is a supernova? 27) What is a neutron star? 28) What is a black hole? 29) What is the direction of the gravitational force in the star? 30) Is the moon a self luminous body? Why or why not? 31) What is the role of gravity in star formation? 32) What is a protostar? 33) What happens in the core of a star during the red giant phase? 34) What is a planetary nebula? 35) What is the speed of light? 36) What elements are produced in the cores of stars? 37) What is the significance of supernovae in the universe? 38) What is the next stage of our sun after its current stage? 39) What is the brightest star in our solar system? 40) Why are stars important in today’s space exploration and studies?

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