____ crimes are ____ that are committed by people who are in ____ and/ or authority ____ define state crime as ____ or deviant activities perpetrated by ____ agencies. ____ includes the use of violence, threatening behaviour or ____ against an ex-partner, partner or family member. This crime includes the following types of abuse: ____ and sexual assaults, ____ abuse, emotional or ____ abuse. The ____ is based on the idea of a pebble being dropped into a pond, creating ripples that spread out across the pond's surface. In the case of crime, this means that an ____ crime (the '____') may affect not just the ____ or ____ victim, but will spread across a ____ community or society (the '____') to affect ____ victims. Some actions are ____ in society despite being against the law. However, many ____ of the public see it as a relatively harmless, ____ crime, it goes ____. When a particular ____ becomes widespread and the public ____ ____ it because they no longer see it as a '____' crime, campaigners may ____ a change in ____. ____ means it is treated as a ____: a ____ offence, where the penalty may be a warning or ____ fine. Some kinds of crime often go ____, such as ____. This may mean that the police are ____ of the scale of the offending and so don't prioritise it. As a result, once the public become ____ that the police are not prioritising ____ crimes, they are ____ likely to report these crimes since they ____ the police will not deal with them. The ____ give priority to some crimes over others. They may do this for several reasons: They have ____ resources, The ____ population, The ____, The Home Office. For a crime to be ____ by the police and then investigated and prosecuted, they must first know that a crime has actually occurred. Although the police do detect some crimes, most crime (up to ____) is brought to their attention by the ____ ____ it to them. If people choose not to ____ crimes, then obviously they can't be recorded or investigated. However, even when an alleged crime is ____ to the ____, they have some discretion and may decide not to ____ it. This can be for several reasons: They may not believe the story or may not have enough evidence to secure a conviction, The victim may refuse to press changes, and They may not wish to investigate or to save resources or ____ clear-up rates. Concerns about the under-____ of crime may lead to the police making ____ in how crimes can be reported. In the ____, reporting a crime usually meant either visiting the police station or dialling 999. However, in recent times the ____ and voluntary organisations have included ____ procedures to make reporting ____. These include: TV programmes, Telephone hotlines, Voluntary organisations, Posters and ____ announcements, and Phone apps.

Criminology

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