What is a bit? - The smallest unit in computer storage. It is represented by 0 or 1., What are 4 bits? - A nibble, What are 8 bits? - Byte(B) Small parts of files, numbers from 0 to 255., What are 1000 bytes? - Kilobyte kb. Enough for text message, small files without colour., What are 1000 kb? - Megabyte MB - photos, colour docs, What are 1000 GB? - Terabyte TB Storage for most files, Give me the order of files. - Bit, Nibble, Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, What is an input device? - They enter data in the computer for the first time., What is a microphone? - Microphones are used to input sound. They can be used with voice recognition software and a word processing application to enter text. Webcams commonly have microphones built-in too., What is a scanner? - A scanner can be used to digitise images. They're similar to a photocopier but they make a digital copy instead of a paper copy. They can also use optical character recognition (OCR) software to scan in text that is then editable., What is a graphics tablet? - A graphics tablet consists of a flat pad (the tablet) on which the user draws with a special pen. As the user draws on the pad the image is created on the screen. Using a graphics tablet a designer can produce very accurate on-screen drawings as if they were drawing on paper., What is a mouse? - A mouse usually comes with a computer and is used to point and click icons on the screen., What is a keyboard? - A keyboard usually comes with a computer and is used to type text into the computer, What is a storage device? - Data entered on the computer via an input device is THEN kept by the computer using a storage device., What is a CD-ROM? - CD-ROM stands for Compact Disk - Read Only Memory. They are optical disks that use the same technology as musical CDs. They store up to 700Mb. Data is written onto the CD-ROM disk before it is sold and cannot EVER be changed. CD-ROMs are used to store software programs such as games that can be bought from shops like PC World, What are CD-R and CD-RW? - CD-Rs are blank optical disks onto which you can write data with a piece of hardware called a CD writer. They have a similar capacity to CD-ROMs and can be set up as multi-session disks and so you can write to them many times. Eventually, you will run out of disk space as you cannot write over the same area twice.CD-RWs are blank optical disks which can be written and re-written to., What are DVDs? - DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disk. There are several formats on the market, the more expensive ones being recordable. They look like CDs, but hold much more data - up to 8.4 gigabytes. Now DVDs are commonly used for video recordings, so you will often see them measured in minutes e.g. 4.7Gb = 120 minutes., What is a Memory sticks OR USB sticks OR USB pen drives (Solid stale storage)? - A memory stick is a small 'pen top' sized device that holds a very large amount of memory - from 512Mb to 16Gb upwards depending on the price. This is a USB device and is inserted into the USB port - it is then seen by the computer as a removable drive. They can be written and re-written to, What is cloud storage? - Cloud storage or online storage are hard discs or solid state storage accessed via the internet e.g. Business One drive at school., What is a hard disk? - These are disks which spin at very high speeds within a sealed unit inside the computer. Hard disks can usually store very large amounts of data - 500 Gb is common. They can be written and re-written to. Your hard disk is where the My Documents folder is usually kept. It also stores all the software programs such as the operating system (Eg Windows) a word processor, spreadsheet, database...., What is an output device? - Output devices enable us to see the data that was/is inside the computer, What are monitors? - The most common output device is the monitor or VDU (visual display unit). It is a temporary output and shows you data immediately., What are the four types of printers? - Laser printers, Ink-jet Printers, Dot matrix printers and Plotters, What are speakers or head phones? - This output device will play audio files that contain sound., What are Laser Printers? - Laser printers are quite expensive to buy and run but produce a high quality output and are quiet and fast., What are Ink-jet Printers? - Ink-jet printers offer black and white or colour printing with reduced levels of quality and speed. Colour ink jet printers are cheaper to buy than colour laser printers., What are Dot matrix printers? - Dot matrix printers are not so common today. They are comparatively noisy and low quality but are cheap to run and are used when carbon copies or duplicates need to be made, such as for wage slips. Also, they are useful in dirty environments such as a garage because they are much sturdier than the other two types of printer., What are Plotters? - A plotter can be used to produce high quality, accurate, A3 size or bigger line drawings. They are usually used for Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) applications, such as printing out plans for houses or car parts., In binary code, what does 0 mean? - It means that the electrical current for the switch is switched off., In binary code, what does 1 mean? - It means that the electrical current for the switch is switched on., Convert 0100 to deanery system - 4, What is binary? - The denary number system (also known as decimal) uses 10 symbols (0-9) to represent numbers. It is a base-10 number system. Humans use it because we have 10 fingers., How do you represent text using binary? - Text is represented on computers by assigning a unique binary number to each character. For example, 1000001 is used to represent the letter A. This system is known as ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)., What is ASCII? - ASCII is an 8-bit code and uses eight bits to represent a letter or a punctuation mark. Eight bits are called a byte and a binary code with only eight digits, such as 0001 1011, can be stored in a byte of the computer memory/storage. It stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange., What is computational thinking? - Computational thinking allows us to take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible situations. The four key techniques of computational thinking is decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction and algorithms. Computational thinking enables you to work out exactly what to tell the computer., What is an algorithm? - An algorithm is a plan, a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem. In an algorithm, each instruction is identified and the order in which they should be carried out is planned. They are sometimes written as a flowchart or in pseudo code., What is pseudocode? - Pseudocode is not a programming language, it is a simple way of describing a set of instructions that does not have to use specific syntax., What is a flowchart? - A flow chart (also known as a flow diagram) is a diagram that represents a set of instructions., The symbol for start/stop in flowcharts, The symbol for process in flowcharts, The symbol for input/output in flowcharts, The symbol for a decision in flowcharts,

Computing December quiz - no control systems

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