Barge - A broad flat-bottomed boat, Canal - Artificial waterway for boats or for draining or irrigating land, Cartouche - A carved tablet or drawing representing a scroll with rolled-up ends, Civilizations - The stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced, Code - A collection of laws arranged in some orderly way, Cuneiform - A Mesopotamian form of early writing using wedge-shaped characters in clay tablets, Egypt - A country in northeastern Africa, Fertile Crescent - A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates, Flooding - Covering or filling with water, Harpoon - A barbed spear used especially in hunting large fish, Hieroglyphics - Egyptian writing made up of pictorial symbols, Indus River Valley - Major river valley in Asia which flows through what is today Pakistan, Irrigation - Supplying with water by artificial means, Job Specialization - An unwritten agreement within a community under which the members most suited perform that occupation, Khemet - Term ancient Egyptians used as the official name of their land, Law - A rule of conduct or action laid down and enforced by the government, Levees - A bank built along a river to prevent flooding, Mesopotamia - The land between two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates), Mummification - The process of preserving the bodies of the dead, Nobles - Belonging to a high class that has special social or political status, Obelisk - A four-sided pillar that becomes narrower toward the top and ends in a pyramid, Papyrus - A plant that is made into strips and pressed into material on which one can write, Peasants - Members of a social class of low rank who worked in the fields, Pharaoh - The ruler of ancient Egypt, Polytheism - Belief in many gods, Pyramid - A massive structure that served as a tomb for the Egyptian Pharaohs and high officials, Scribe - A class of scholars and copiers who were central to the functioning of government, the army and the priesthood, Shaduf - Hand-operated device for lifting water, Social Pyrqamid - Shows the levels of each social class in terms of importance, Sphinx - An ancient Egyptian image having the body of a lion and the head of a man, ram, or hawk, Temple - A building for worship, Viziar - A high official,

River Civilizations Key Terms

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