1) Reaction rate a) The speed at which a chemical reaction occurs, measured by how quickly reactants are converted into products. b) The total energy required to break the bonds of reactants during a chemical reaction. 2) Catalyst a) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, without being consumed in the reaction. b) An element that reacts with the products of a reaction to form a new compound. 3) Activation energy a) The amount of energy released when the products of a chemical reaction are formed. b) The minimum energy required for reactants to undergo a chemical reaction and form products. 4) Rate constant (k) a) The total time required for a chemical reaction to reach equilibrium. b) A proportionality constant in the rate law equation that is specific to a given reaction at a particular temperature. It relates the rate of the reaction to the concentrations of reactants. 5) Order of reaction a) The sum of the powers of the concentration terms in the rate law equation, indicating the dependency of the reaction rate on the concentration of reactants. b) The total number of products formed in a chemical reaction. 6) Factors affecting reaction rates  a) Only the pressure of the system and the type of solvent used determine the speed of a reaction. b) These include concentration, temperature, surface area, presence of a catalyst, and the nature of reactants. 7) Collision Theory a) A theory stating that reactions occur only if particles are at rest and do not collide. b) A theory that explains chemical reactions occur when particles collide with sufficient energy and the correct orientation. 8) Transition state a) A high-energy, unstable arrangement of atoms that occurs during a reaction when bonds are being broken and new bonds are forming, leading to the products. b) A stable intermediate product formed during a chemical reaction. 9) Reaction mechanism a) A detailed sequence of elementary steps by which a chemical reaction occurs. b) The time it takes for a reaction to complete at a constant temperature. 10) Half-life of a reaction a) The time it takes for the reaction rate to double as the temperature increases. b) The time required for half of the reactants to be converted into products in a chemical reaction.

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