1) What does “Telegraphic” mean? a) Full sentences b) A paragraph  c) Two-word and three-word sentences  d) One-word and four-word sentences 2) According to Skinner, what happens when verbal behavior has punitive consequences? a) The behavior diminishes and disappears. b) The behavior decreases and ceases. c) The behavior is maintained and increases. d) The behavior weakens and extinguishes. Correct answer. 3) What is one of the main criticisms of behavioral approaches, like Skinner's model of verbal behavior, in the context of language acquisition? a) Its inability to adequately explain the creativity and novelty in speakers' linguistic expressions. b) Its excessive emphasis on mediation theory and stimulus-response in learning language patterns. c) Its focus on social interaction as a fundamental basis for language acquisition in children. d) Its universal acceptance in the scientific community due to its explanation of abstraction in language. 4) The fundamental assertion that language acquisition is innately determined a) Language acquisition device b) Nativist approach c) Universal Grammar d) Pivot grammars. 5) How does "playing" with language help children in the process of language acquisition, and how might this skill influence their learning of a second language? a) The exclusive analysis of sentence grammatical structure. b) A study centered on the formal and abstract structure of language. c) The investigation of language as a manifestation of cognitive and affective ability in social interaction. d) The exclusive focus on morphemes and syntactic rules. 6) What is the main focus of recent language studies from a constructivist perspective? a) The exclusive analysis of sentence grammatical structure. b) A study centered on the formal and abstract structure of language. c) The investigation of language as a manifestation of cognitive and affective ability in social interaction. d) The exclusive focus on morphemes and syntactic rules. 7) In the video where a mother plays with blocks and uses the words "up" and "down" while building a tower with her child, what principle of learning is being illustrated? a) Children learn words only when they are repeated multiple times. b) Children only understand words if they are explicitly taught their meaning. c) Children learn the meaning of words by observing how others use them in different contexts. d) Children learn faster if they are only taught words without visual context. 8) Which theory explains the role of social interaction in language development? a) Behaviorist  b) Meditation Theory c) Nativist d) Functional 9) Using the tree metaphor, what is the difference between competence and performance in terms of language? a) Competence knows the underlying system of language, while performance is the actual production and comprehension of linguistic events. b) Competence seeks to understand the foreign language, while performance seeks to translate it correctly. c) Competence focuses on memorizing commonly used words and phrases, while performance seeks to create new words. d) Competence focuses on the acquisition of new vocabulary, while performance is based on the practical use of communicative rules. 10) What is one main difference between understanding and speaking in language learning for children? a) Children can understand complex sentences before they can say them correctly. b) Children say new words before knowing what they mean. c) Understanding and speaking develop at the same speed. d) Speaking is always better than understanding for children 11) Environmental factors cannot by any means be ignored, as connectionists and emergentists have shown. a) Language acquisition device b) “Human beings are bio-programmed” c) Nature and nurture. d) Stage by stage. 12) How does the set of universal principles in a child's initial state help facilitate the process of learning a new language? a) It provides a rigid structure that limits variation in learning. b) It allows children to identify and apply common rules across different languages. c) It forces children to memorize all the words in a new language. d) It increases the complexity of learning by adding more rules. 13) What is a fundamental characteristic in children's language acquisition process according to the text? a) Consistency and absence of errors in the use of verb tenses from an early age. b) The ability of children to regularize verbs and differentiate between past tenses. c) The combination of systematicity in learning and the presence of variability in the process. d) The capacity to memorize complex structures and grammatical patterns at the start of learning. 14) According to the text, how does the method of associating letters with words, such as "A is for Apple," support children's cognitive development? a) It teaches children to memorize letters without understanding. b) It encourages children to learn in isolation. c) It makes language learning more confusing for children. d) It helps children understand concepts by linking words to letters. 15) Are kids good imitators? a) True b) False 16) According to Weir, what do children tend to do when they practice language? a) To acquire certain words that they hear in their daily lives. b) To play with it as if it were objects and events in their environment. c) To incorporate linguistic elements from their parents into their speech. d) To memorize grammatical aspects that attract their attention. 17) What is the role of input in a child's language acquisition? a) Children learn language only from formal education. b) Children are exposed to a consistent and perfect model of language. c) Peer input is more important than adult input for language learning. d) Adult and peer input are crucial in shaping a child's language acquisition. 18) In an era of social constructivist research, what is the area of more interest in language learning process? a) Overhearing conversations b) Exposure to the target language c) Grammatical rules d) Discourse

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