1) What is a research design? a) A. A specific tool for data collection b) B. The guide for conducting research, similar to building a house c) C. A method used only in qualitative research d) D. A technique for analyzing data 2) Which of the following is NOT an approach in research design? a) A. Ethnography b) B. Case Study c) C. Experimentation d) D. Phenomenology 3) What is a population in research? a) A. A group of people selected randomly b) B. The entire group of people, animals, or objects relevant to the study c) C. A small subset of a group d) D. The people the researcher finds convenient 4) What is a sample? a) A. The entire population b) B. A method of data collection c) C. A group that represents the population d) D. A type of research design 5) What is the process of choosing a sample called? a) A. Sampling b) B. Observation c) C. Experimentation d) D. Analysis 6) What is the main characteristic of snowball sampling? a) A. Researchers select participants based on quotas b) B. Participants refer others who fit the research by crowd sourcing c) C. The researcher selects participants randomly d) D. The researcher chooses only people they know 7) Opportunistic sampling involves... a) A. Selecting participants based on pre-determined quotas b) B. Choosing people who are most convinent c) C. Using a completely random selection process d) D. Finding participants through an application process 8) What is another name for purposive sampling? a) A. Convenience sampling b) B. Judgment sampling c) C. Random sampling d) D. Snowball sampling 9) What is the main purpose of quota sampling? a) A. To ensure the sample represents specific characteristics of the population b) B. To select participants randomly c) C. To select only those who are easiest to reach d) D. To avoid bias in the study 10) When determining your sample size, what should you consider? a) A. The number of questions in your study b) B. Whether your data has reached saturation point c) C. The number of researchers available d) D. The total population of the country 11) Which of the following is NOT a data collection instrument? a) A. Observations b) B. Interviews c) C. Sampling d) D. Questionnaires 12) What is a key characteristic of a structured interview? a) A. It has no pre-determined questions b) B. The interviewer asks questions freely without a guide c) C. It includes a fixed set of questions that should not be altered d) D. The questions are formed spontaneously during the interview 13) What is an example of a naturalistic observation? a) A. A researcher observes students in their normal classroom setting b) B. A researcher asks students to complete a questionnaire c) C. A researcher invites students to a lab for testing d) D. A researcher conducts a focus group discussion 14) What is the advantage of using open-ended questionnaires? a) A. They provide clear, pre-determined answers b) B. They allow respondents to share detailed opinions c) C. They are easier to analyze statistically d) D. They prevent respondents from giving long answers 15) Open-ended questionnaires allow respondents to give detailed answers in their own words. a) TRUE b)  FALSE 16) According to Creswell (2013), 5-25 respondents are recommended for a phenomenological study a)  TRUE b) FALSE 17) In qualitative research, interviews are the least common type of data collection instrument. a)   TRUE b)  FALSE 18) A semi-structured interview allows the researcher to ask follow-up questions. a)  TRUE b) FALSE 19) In research, the saturation point is reached when new data no longer provides additional insights. a)  TRUE b) FALSE 20) Participative observation requires the researcher to be actively involved in the activities of the group being studied. a)  TRUE b) FALSE

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