1) Jonah has been coming late to class recently. During class he hasn't been paying attention but glued to his phone screen instead. a) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. b) Teacher should set questions that focus on the words that students know in the text. c) Teacher should share their passion and enthusiasm in learning English. The teacher can also help the student to notice the benefits he might potentially get from mastering English. Moreover, the teacher should train the student to set his personal short term goals in learning English. These goals should ideally be in sync with the student's future career choice.   d) The teacher should talk to the student privately and find out reasons for him coming late and his unattentive behavior.   2) Mila is not going to further her study after high school. She doesn't see any use of learning to write a report text for her future as a beautician. a) Teacher should acknowledge the extrovert student's contribution to the activity. Then, they should give the opportunity for the other students to participate. It will be helpful to keep mental record of the participating students.  b) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. c) Teacher should vary the learning activities. There should be a balance of cognitive and physical activities such as Total Physical Response (TPR), gallery walk, etc. d) Teacher should share their passion and enthusiasm in learning English. The teacher can also help the student to notice the benefits he might potentially get from mastering English. Moreover, the teacher should train the student to set his personal short term goals in learning English. These goals should ideally be in sync with the student's future career choice.   3) There are too many unknown words in the listening text and it’s creating anxiety  a) The teacher should talk to the student privately and find out reasons for him coming late and his unattentive behavior.   b) Feedback should be constructive and supportive with positive feedback outnumbering the negative. Additionally, the teacher should focus more on the process and not the result. For example, a teacher can praise students for good problem-solving strategies, for being helpful in class, or for learning from their mistakes. c) Teacher should set questions that focus on the words that students know in the text. d) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. 4) Nico doesn't want to participate in a speaking activity. He said that his former teacher used to correct his every mistake during speaking activities. He feels too embarrassed to try.  a) The teacher should talk to the student privately and find out reasons for him coming late and his unattentive behavior.   b) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. c) Feedback should be constructive and supportive with positive feedback outnumbering the negative. Additionally, the teacher should focus more on the process and not the result. For example, a teacher can praise students for good problem-solving strategies, for being helpful in class, or for learning from their mistakes. d) Teacher should share their passion and enthusiasm in learning English. The teacher can also help the student to notice the benefits he might potentially get from mastering English. Moreover, the teacher should train the student to set his personal short term goals in learning English. These goals should ideally be in sync with the student's future career choice.   5) Eliano doesn't enjoy sitting still in the class. He feels bored reading and writing all day.  a) The teacher should talk to the student privately and find out reasons for him coming late and his unattentive behavior.   b) Teacher should set questions that focus on the words that students know in the text. c) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. d) Teacher should vary the learning activities. There should be a balance of cognitive and physical activities such as Total Physical Response (TPR), gallery walk, etc. 6) Bawadi - an extroverted student, always dominates the class and overshadows his classmates effort to participate in the class.  a) Teacher should acknowledge the extrovert student's contribution to the activity. Then, they should give the opportunity for the other students to participate. It will be helpful to keep mental record of the participating students.  b) The teacher should talk to the student privately and find out reasons for him coming late and his unattentive behavior.   c) Teacher should share their passion and enthusiasm in learning English. The teacher can also help the student to notice the benefits he might potentially get from mastering English. Moreover, the teacher should train the student to set his personal short term goals in learning English. These goals should ideally be in sync with the student's future career choice.   d) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest. 7) Zikri doesn't see the point of learning English nor studying in high school in general. He comes to school to get his degree so he can work at the palm oil mill near his house. a) Teacher should set questions that focus on the words that students know in the text. b) Teacher should vary the learning activities. There should be a balance of cognitive and physical activities such as Total Physical Response (TPR), gallery walk, etc. c) Teacher should share their passion and enthusiasm in learning English. The teacher can also help the student to notice the benefits he might potentially get from mastering English. Moreover, the teacher should train the student to set his personal short term goals in learning English. These goals should ideally be in sync with the student's future career choice.   d) Teacher should choose activities that match their students' needs and interests. The topic of a writing activity can be adjusted with the student's interest.

Matching situations with what the teacher should do to motivate the student.

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