Middle Ages - the years between ancient and modern times, from about 500 until 1500, Medieval - from the middle ages, Feudalism - a system of power in Europe during the Middle Ages, kings and queens had the most power, followed by nobles, knights and peasants, Vassal - a man who promised to be loyal to a landowner, who in return gave him a share of the land, fief - land given in exchange for loyalty, Manor - a large estate, often including a village and farmlands, ruled by a lord in medieval Europe, Self-sufficient - able to supply one's own needs,, Serf - a person who lived on and farmed a lord's land in feudal times, did not own land, but depended on the lord for protection, Clergy - persons ordained to perform religious duties, Excommunicate - to expel or prevent someone from taking part in church life, Guild - a group of people in a town or village who practice a certain trade (i.e. weavers, masons, builders), Apprentice - an unpaid worker who is being trained in a craft (boys begin around the age of 12, for 7 years), Chivalry - the noble qualities that knights were to have, (bravery, loyalty, and doing heroic deeds to win the love of a worthy woman), Crusades - several military expeditions between A.D. 1095- 1272, supported by the Catholic church, tried to win back the Holy Land which included Jerusalem (present day Israel), Nation - a community that shares a government and sometimes a common language and culture, Magna Carta - the "Great Charter", and agreement in which the King's power was limited over the nobles, Parliament - a council that advised the English king or queen in government matters- today a group that makes up part of the British government,

Social Studies Middle Ages

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