What is sexual reproduction? - Joining (fusion) of male and female gametes., What type of cell division is involved in sexual reproduction? - Meiosis., What type of cell division is involved in asexual reproduction? - Mitosis., What is meiosis? - Cell division that produces four daughter cells (gametes), each with a single set of chromosomes., What are the male and female sex chromosomes in humans? - XX - female, XY - male., What are the male and female gametes in flowering plants? - pollen - male gamete, ovule - female gamete., What is the genetic material in cells called? - DNA., What is the structure of DNA? - Two complementary strands forming a double helix., What is a gene? - Small section of DNA that codes for a particular amino acid sequence, to make a specific protein., What are alleles? - Different forms of the same gene., What is a recessive allele? - Allele that needs to be present twice to be expressed., What is a dominant allele? - Allele that is always expressed, even if only one copy is present., What is a genome? - The entire genetic material of an organism., Define the term homozygous. - Two of the same alleles present in an organism., Define the term heterozygous. - Two different alleles present in an organism., What type of allele causes polydactyly? - Dominant allele., What type of allele causes cystic fibrosis? - Recessive allele., How many chromosomes do normal human body cells have? - 23 pairs (46), Why is studying the human genome important? - - search for genes linked to certain disease. - Understanding and treatment of inherited disorders. - Tracing past human migration.,

Reproduction

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