1) A motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interests. 2) The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewards and minimize one's Costs. 3) When businesses donate money to improve their corporate images or when someone offers a ride hoping to receive appreciation or friendship, the reward is external. 4) A motive (supposedly underlying all behavior) to increase one's own welfare. The opposite of altruism, which aims to increase another's welfare. 5) Distress is not the only negative emotion we act to reduce. Throughout recorded history, guilt has been a painful emotion, so painful that we will act in ways that avoid guilt feelings. act in ways that avoid guilt feelings. 6) An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. 7) An expectation that people will help those needing help. 8) If, indeed, perception of another's need strongly determines one's willingness to help, 9) The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives toenhance the survival of mutually shared genes 10) The vicarious experience of another's feelings; putting oneself in another's shoes. 11) the finding that a person is less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders. 12) A strategy for gaining a concession 13) The perception of certain individuals or groups as outside the boundary within which one 14) The result of bribing people to do what they already like doing; they may then see their actions as externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing 15) perceived incompatibility of actions or goals 16) A condition marked by low levels of hostility and aggression and by mutually beneficial relationships. 17) A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. 18) The "commons" is any shared resource, including air, water, energy sources, and food supplies. 19) Games in which outcomes need not sum to zero. 20) Hostilities often arise when groups compete for scarce jobs, housing, or resources. 21) That's unfair!" "What a ripoff!" "We deserve better!" Such comments typify conflicts bred by perceived injustice. But what is "justice"? 22) Contact on an equal basis. Just 23) shared goal that necessitates cooperative effort; a goal that overrides people's differences from one another. 24) Seeking an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation between parties. 25) An attempt by a neutral third party to resolve a conflict by facilitating communication and offering suggestions. 26) Resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement. 27) Win win agreements that reconcile both parties interests to their mutual benefit. 28) Acronym for "graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension reduction'-a strategy designed to de-escalate international tensions.

lesson 11&12

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