Atomic Orbital - Region where there is high probability of finding an electron , Relative Atomic Mass - Average mass of atoms of element compared (relative) to 1/12 mass of carbon-12 isotope, First Ionisation Energy - Minimum energy to remove most loosely-bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state. , Oxidation - Loss of electrons or Increase in oxidation number, Atomic Energy Level - Fixed amount of energy of an electron in an atom, Radioactivity - Spontaneous breaking up of a nucleus to release α, β or γ radiation, Radioisotope - Radioactive isotope or isotope (atom) with unstable nucleus, Reduction - Gain of electrons or decrease in oxidation number, Bohr Orbit - 2-D pathway at fixed distance from nucleus where electron is definitely located, Electronegativity - Measure of attraction of an atom for shared electrons in a covalent bond, Pi Bond - Sideways overlap of p-orbitals, Sigma Bond - Head-on overlap of orbitals, Polar Covalent Bonding - Unequal sharing of bonding electrons, Avogadro’s Law - Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure have equal numbers of particles., Charles’ Law - Volume varies directly with Kelvin temperature for definite mass of gas at constant pressure, Ideal Gas - A gas that obeys the gas laws under all conditions of temperature and pressure, Rate of a Chemical Reaction - Change in concentration per unit time of any one reactant or product, Le Chatelier’s Principle - Reactions at equilibrium oppose applied stresses, Chemical Equilibrium - State in which rate of forward reaction = rate of reverse reaction, BOD - Amount of oxygen consumed in p.p.m. (mg l-1) when sample is kept in the dark for 5 days at 20 degrees celsius ,

Leaving Cert Definitions.

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