This is a body of workshops that show the best that has been thought and said or works that signify the achievements of a particular culture. - LITERATURE, expressing of feeling or idea with the use of figurative or symbolic language. - POETRY, . A writer can use idioms, new words, allusion, and connotations in expressing his feelings or ideas. - Meaning., A writer may use of simile, metaphor, and other figures of speech in expressing something in a different way aside from its literal meaning. - Figurative language, This consists of descriptions and details that can trigger the readers’ senses. - Imagery., Sound is the emphasis on certain words while rhythm is the position of beats or the sound pattern of the work. - Sound and Rhythm., literature that is not poetry with two categories: informative and persuasive, just like an essay. - PROSE, This is the general thought or idea of the composition. - Theme or content., This refers to the choices of words and sentence structures used to convey the message. - Style., This is the sequence of topics and transitions that make the whole essay. - Form and structure., This is the sequence of events in the story that gives the flow of the narrative. - Plot or storyline., This can be a person, an animal or even thing who takes part in the story. - Characters., This is the time and place where the story happened. - Setting., is is the central thought of the story. - Theme., Style is the choice of words which includes the sentence structures and figurative language that affect the mood of the story. - Language and style., The narrator may present the author himself for the - Point of view., The narrator can also be one of the characters in the story for the first-person point of view. - Third-person point of view., This relates adventures of a super hero with powers and serves as a code of values of a particular ethnic group. - Epic, A song that is transmitted orally from one generation to another and known as awiting bayan in Tagalog. - Folk song, A concise statements that teach morality and tradition and usually expressed as rhyming pair of lines that depict two different elements. - Proverbs, This describes an object in a different manner or in a way that is not easily understood and may be a question for someone to discover the meaning. - Riddles., This usually has four lines, with 5-12 syllables per line. - Short poems., This may involve marriage negotiations between two families in which every region has their own version - Poetic jousts., This focuses on chivalric, folkloric, legendary, and religious themes. - Metrical roman, This is written in a stanza with 5 lines with 8 syllables per line which recounts the life of Jesus Christ. This is useful as a source of images, stories of Jesus Christ. - Pasyon, Any story based on real or fictional events in the past told among the people in a community. - Folk narrative, This is a story that explains the origin of the world and its first inhabitants. - Myth, Heroic and historical legend tackles episodes in the lives of great men and women. Religious legend narrates display of miracles of God and of the saints. Supernatural legend focuses on the existence of beings from the underworld. Toponymical legend explains why a certain place has this name. - Legend, These are classified into animal tales or fables, magic tales, humorous tales, novelistic tales, religious and didactic tales. - Folktales, This explains the insights or information using description, narration, and humor. - Essay, This defined as the lengthy and complex narrative of events based on the author’s imagination. - Novel, This is a concise secular narrative with romantic, realistic and radical tradition. - Short story, This is a special form of contemporary literature which involves drawing frames showing a set of characters with their actions and usually contains a balloons enclosed with words or dialogue. - Komiks, It is an arrangement of sounds to create a continuous and unified composition. - MUSIC, This is succession of consecutive notes or tones changing in pitch and duration. - Melody, It has three qualities: tempo which describes how fast or slow is the music; meter which refers to the unit of time that is made up of beats or pulses; and rhythmic pattern. - Rhythm, This is a combination of different tones or pitches played sung together at the same time. - Harmony, This is the relationship of melodic and harmonic lines in music. - Texture, This is the degree of softness and loudness of music. - Dynamics, Also known as tone color which is the quality of sound generated by the instrument or voice. - Timbre, This refers to how the elements of music are organized. - Form, A song that explains an event occurring in a community. - Ballad, A song with an unaccompanied melody and variable rhythm. - Chant, A song involving male and female singers who try to outsmart each other about a certain topic. - Song debate, A composition characterized by merging the voice part, lyrics, and the accompaniment together to achieve an artistic musical whole. - Art song, This is a social dance in duple time. - Habanera/Danza, This is a vocal and instrumental compositions that go together with the official rites of Christian churches. - turgical music, This is a dance of love accompanied by a guitar and a string bass and documented as a war song. - Kumintang, Refers to the various styles used throughout the country for the singing of the Pasyon - Pasyon chant, This music includes classical music from the western world; and classical and modern music composed by Filipinos. - Classical music, These includes band and rondalla music, hymns and marches, sarswela music, and stylized folk songs. - SEMI Classical music., This includes original music composed by Filipinos which utilizes Western and local musical influences. - Popular music, This is a dance that are developed and performed together by ordinary people. This includes ceremonial, combative, courtship, exorcism, funeral, game, torture, comic, and religious dances. - Folk dance, This is a theatrical dance presentation in which a plot is integrated with dancing, music, and stage design. - Ballet, A dance form that emerged during the 20th century and still considered theatrical but it veers away from the technique and style of ballet - Modern dance, It is an art form that involves performing carefully planned actions and emotions in front of an audience. The Philippine theater is described as a wide range of mimetic performances that were created and presented during occasions. - THEATER, These are the persons who are on stage and portray their characters for the audience. - Performers, They serves as the witness of the performance and energy given by the performers. - Audience, Serves as an overseer to the entire production and ensures that the performers do their job well and the design works well. - Director, This refer to the space in which the actors can perform and space for the audience to stand. - Performance space, This is essential in placing the overall feel of the production which includes lighting, set, costumes, and sound. - Design, This is the script to be presented in a play or production. - Text, Theater is not viewed as a separate activity, but as part of life. - Dulang Pahiyang., Also known as people’s theater and considered “theater in the context of social movements” - Dulambayan, This is concerned with spirituality and usually performed depending on the events in the church calendar - Teatrong Pansimbahan, This refers to a sequence of moving pictures shown on television or in cinema. - FILM, This is considered as the most significant element of cinema. - Time, Involves one shot with another, making sure that these two shot are connected. - Cutting or editing, This is done in order to have a smoother change of view. - Camera movement., This helps bringing balance to the film as it is being viewed. - Framing, This uses conflict as emphasis based on real-life stories or actual experiences of persons and based from the tradition of metrical romance or literary komedya. - Aksyon (Action)., A film that involves creating illustrations or inanimate images and bringing them to life. - Animation, A film that depicts nudity and sex but is different from X-rated pornography. - Bomba, This is a motion picture that narrates news events or explain other subject matter based on facts. - Dokyu (documentary)., This is a motion picture that dwells on personal problems and conflicts which draws sentiment and emotion. - Drama, This attempts to create something innovative or that is never done before with the camera. - Experimental., This depicts scenes in an imaginary world. - Fantasy, This shows actual events that occurred in the past. - Historical, This is shown to bring fear to the audience. - Horror, This is to introduce or bring laughter to the audience. - Komedi (Comedy)., Create sharp lines that do not need to be sharpened. However, you are not able to use the thick edge of a mechanical pencil to create bold marks (like you can do with normal pencils) - Mechanical pencils, Similar to normal graphite pencils but in color. You can read about colored pencils for artists. - Colored pencils, Create dark and rough lines, but not as versatile as the other options. - Charcoal pencils, These are the most common pencils used in art and writing. - Graphite pencils, TYPES OF DRAWING PENCILS - G,C,C,M, Applying countless small dots to build up darker values in a drawing. The density of the dots determines the value produced. - Stippling, Loose applications of crossing lines. The frequency in which the lines cross over each determines the value produced. - Random lines/ Scribbling, Using an eraser to remove the medium to produce lighter values. This technique is typically used in conjunction with blending. - Rendering, Smooth gradations of value are produced either by adjusting the amount of pressure applied to the medium or by using a blending tool, such a blending stump - Blending, Lines cross over each other. The density at which the lines cross over each other determines the value that is produced. - Cross-Hatching, Lines drawn in the same direction. By drawing lines closer together, darker values are created. Leaving more space between lines results in lighter values. For rounded objects, the lines may curve slightly around the form - following the contours of the object. - Hatching, is an act of organizing the elements of artwork into a harmoniously unified whole. - Composition-, There is no universal grading system for pencils, but the following system generally holds true. - Pencil Grading, are made from a mix of graphite and clay. The hardness of the pencil will vary depending on the blend of graphite and clay. - Graphite Pencils, is perfect for sketching and hitting those really dark values, however it is generally much darker and rougher than graphite and more prone to smudging. - Charcoal, have a wide range of grades and are useful for sophisticated drawings which require finer detailing. - Graphite pencils,

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