Grice's Maxims - A set of rules that govern a conversation, Maxim of Quality - The speaker tells the truth or what they believe to be true, Maxim of Manner - The speaker is clear, and their speech can't be confused or misinterpreted., Maxim of Quantity - The speaker says ENOUGH in a conversation: not too much, not too little., Maxim of Relevance - A speaker doesn't abruptly change topic or talk about unrelated content., Brown and Levinson - Devised ways in which speakers use politeness in everyday life., Positive Face - The desire to remain liked and admired., Negative Face - The awareness of conflict or impacting the freedoms of others and doing whatever it takes to avoid it., Example of Maxim of Quality - Speaker 1: "What are you doing for tea?" / Speaker 2: "Not sure, but Gordon Ramsay is making it for me. We're good mates!", Example of Maxim of Quantity - Speaker 1: "What are you doing tonight? Got anything nice planned?" / Speaker 2: "Nothing"., Example of Maxim of Relevance - Speaker 1: "Did you do the homework?" / Speaker 2: "Maybe. But I DID manage to take the dog out in the end!", Example of Maxim of Manner - Speaker 1: "When's your birthday?" / Speaker 2: "June, maybe somewhere in the middle... it's in the summer!", Example of Negative Face - Speaker 1: "Do you like my trainers?" / Speaker 2: "They're not my cup of tea but I'm glad you like them!", Example of Positive Face - Speaker 1: "How did I do in my mock?" / Speaker 2: "You tried really hard and always work well in class. That's what counts!", Symmetrical Exchange - When similar power dynamics are shown in a conversation (i.e. two police officers talking about a recent case), Asymmetrical Exchange - When there is an imbalance of power in a conversation (i.e. A teacher and a student), Backchannelling - Responses that show extended listening (i.e. head nodding or "mhm")., Inferential Framework - The act of building up knowledge over a period of time in a conversation., Phatic talk - Also known as 'small talk'. Language used to maintain or build relationships (i.e. the weather or popular sporting events), Assertive SA - – Passing on information and / or opinions.​, Commissive ​SA - – Making a promise or a commitment t, Expressive SA - Showing reactions or emotions., Directive SA - Giving a command or an instruction, Declaration​ SA - When someone, with the power to do so, makes a statement which changes the state of affairs.,

Spoken Language Theory - RECAP

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