Cold War - Conflict between the US and the Soviet Union that never led to direct war but fighting each other through other countries , Truman Doctrine - the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or Communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the Communists as an open declaration of the Cold War., Marshall Plan - US Program that provided economic support for European countries. Opened new markets for American goods, Berlin Airlift - A military operation in the late 1940s that brought food and other needed goods into West Berlin because all other access was blocked by the Soviets, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - a collective security alliance: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the threat posed by the Soviet Union., Civil Liberties - individual rights protected by law from unjust governmental or other interference, McCarthyism - was the political repression and persecution of left-wing individuals and a campaign spreading fear of alleged communist and Soviet influence on American institutions and of Soviet espionage in the United States during the late 1940s through the 1950s. Also know as the Second Red Scare, Berlin Blockade - During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union closed off the Western Allies' railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of the German capital under Western control, Arms Race - a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons, especially between the US and the former Soviet Union during the Cold War, Space Race - a 20th Century struggle between the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US) for the domination of space flight technologies., House Un- American Activities Committee (HUAC) - a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives, investigated allegations of communist activity in the U.S. during the early years of the Cold War, Korean War - War fought to contain Communism. The USSR backed the communists in the North and the US backed the capitalistic/democratic government of the South, 38th Parrallel  - chosen in 1945 by the USA and USSR as a convenient borderline for their divided military occupation of the Korean peninsula., GI Bill - a law that provided a range of benefits for some of the returning World War II veterans such as helping to pay for college or buying a house, Impact of the Baby Boom - Growth of suburbs, crowded schools, Baby Boom - a temporary marked increase in the birth rate, especially the one following World War II., Suburbs - residential communities on the outskirts of cities, Prosperity - flourishing, thriving, good fortune and successful social status. Often produces happiness and health., Jonas Salk - Developed a successful vaccine to prevent polio, Interstate Highway Act - Created a transportation network for people and military goods to move quickly across the US e, Iron Curtain - a political metaphor used to describe the political boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War, Collective Security - When countries agree to come to the defense/aid of each other if they are attacked, United Nations (UN) - After WWII this replaced the League of Nations and whose main purpose was to maintain peace among member countries, Sputnik - With this the USSR rocketed to the lead in the Cold War's "Space Race". It is a basketball-sized satellite that became the first manmade object to orbit the Earth, Levitttown - post-war American suburb, It was the first mass-produced housing development and set a standard for planned subdivisions for decades to come., Armistice - a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, as it may constitute only a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace., Containment - a geopolitical strategic foreign policy pursued by the United States during the Cold War to prevent the spread of communism after the end of World War II., Hollywood Blacklist - list of media workers ineligible for employment because of alleged communist or subversive ties, generated in the late 1940s and ’50s during the anticommunist furor of post-World War II, Standard of Living - the level of income, comforts and services available, generally applied to a society or location, rather than to an individual., Satellite Nation - nations that were aligned with, but also under the influence and pressure of, the Soviet Union who wanted them to provide a buffer between them and Germany,

Early Cold War Review

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