A waterfall forms when a river flows over bands of hard and soft rock, it erodes the soft rock faster., The soft rock is eroded by processes such as abrasion, hydraulic action and solution which cause undercutting, The hard rock is left unsupported and overhangs., Eventually, the hard rock collapses into the river. , The fallen rocks increase the abrasion of the river bed. Abrasion is the scraping and scouring of the river bed and banks., Along with abrasion, Hydraulic action also helps to create a deep plunge pool. , The process is repeated and the waterfall retreats upstream., A steep-sided valley called a gorge is created as the waterfall retreats..

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