Define Shogun - Military ruler of Japan, Define Ronin - Samurai without a master. , When did the Edo or Tokugawa Period started?  - 1600-1868, Define Daymio and their role in Japan before the Edo period - Powerful landowners or nobles who used to compete with one another for territory and power., This person became the most powerful man in Japan after he defeated rival daimyo and generals in a great battle. He became shogun in 1603. - Tokugawa Ieyasu, What are the 4 main strategies Tokugawa Ieyasu created to control the Daymio? - 1) Gave loyal lords domains next to the land of lords whose loyalty Ieyasu questioned. 2) Alternate attendance: Damiyo were forced to live in two places every second year. 3) Sharing Power: Bakuhan system; 4) Strict Laws (The shogunate controlled damiyo's relationships and ways to dress up, as well as making them pay for projects. , Describe the Bakuhan system - Two levels of government where the Shogunate had control over important matters (foreign trade and relations, while the Daimyo controlled local affairs in their territories. , Which means of controlling the daimyo would be most effective in ensuring loyalty to the shogun? - Loyal daimyo were given villages to govern. It was their responsibility to collect taxes, keep order, and pay for road building and flood control projects in the area., How did the Shogun maintain control over the population? Think about Rules. - Strict rules governed the behaviour of each class. There were 216 rules regulating dress for everyone. Rules regarding housing, possessions, and even how to bow and to whom. , Why were Samurai forbidden to becoming involved in trade or businesses? - It symbolized a decrease in privilege and status. , What was the role of Peasants in Edo Japan? - Considered important because they provided food that sustained society., How were peasants in Edo Japan similar to First Nations people in Canada? - There were rules regulating their lives; They both needed special permission to travel outside their district / Reserve., Why did artisans have a lower social status than of peasants? - Artisans were not primary producers; Their work required materials produced by others. (A weaver relied on the silk farmer for silk), What was the role of merchants in Edo Society? - They bought items from artisans to trade or sell to others. They would arrange for the shipping and distribution of food, storage of rice, etc.  , Why would merchants be punished by the feudal government? - Merchants were at the bottom of the hierarchy. They did not produce anything. As such, they had to live cautiously to not be reported by government officials for showing off wealth or criticizing the government. , What was the role of women in Edo society? - the class that women were born into determined their responsibilities. Ex: Women born to the samurai class were expected to give their kids a proper samurai upbringing.  Women were always considered lower than men. They could not own property, as they had no legal existence. , Describe the outcasts of Edo Society - People who were sunned or ignored by other classes because of their work, which involved death in some way. , When were the Ainu people officially recognized by the Japanese Government? - 1997, Why does the Ainu people consider Japanese legislations too shallow? - Legislations recognize Ainu culture too narrowly as language, music, dance, and crafts. / It does nothing to reverse the years of discrimination and assimilation policies. , What is the role of Confucianism in the Japanese acceptance of class distinctions? - Confucianism taught that everyone had a proper place in society. If everyone accepted their duties and oblifations, there would be peace and order. Otherwise, there would be chaos and suffering. , What do the Edo Values look like in Modern Japan? - Self-discipline and loyalty are highly valued. Confucian duties and obligations were reflected in the relationship between Japanese companies and employees. Salary man as the new Samurai., Define Goningumi - Lower classes organized into groups of 5 families by the Samurai. Members of each group were responsible to support each other and hold each other accountable. Everyone in the group could be punished if someone was disobedient. , Describe the religious beliefs of the Japanese people - Combination of Shintoism, the Confucian code of correct behaviour, and the Buddhist value of self-discipline. , Before the beginning of the Tokugawa Period, the japanese came into contact with this group in 1534 - Portuguese. Known as the "Southern Barbarians". Then followed by the Spanish, Dutch, British and Christian missionaries. , What was the concept of loyalty like for the Japanese and the Christian missionaries? - Japanese people were expected to be 100% loyal to their daimyo, emperor, and the shogun. Christian missionaries believed that a person's spiritual loyalty should be to "God in heaven". , Describe the Feudal hierarchy of Edo Japan: Look at the pyramid! ,

The Feudal System (Ch. 13 + Text 2)

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