Anchoring bias  - Tendency to perceptually lock on to salient features in the patient’s initial presentation too early in the diagnostic process, and failure to adjust this initial impression in the light of later information., Confirmation bias - Selectively noticing/seeking information that confirms opinions/impression versus seeking information that disconfirms., Ascertainment bias - Shaping decision-making based on prior expectations, Availability bias - Judging likelihood of a diagnosis based on the ease with which examples can be retrieved (more familiar, more common, more recent, more memorable, etc.)., Diagnostic momentum - Once diagnostic labels are attached to patients they tend to become stickier and stickier. What might have started as a possibility gathers increasing momentum and reduces ability to consider other alternatives., Premature closure - Cease looking for findings/signals once something has been identified. Accepting a diagnosis before considering all information and verifying diagnosis., Framing effect - How information is presented and how a question Is framed can impact future decisions. Source of information and context can influence framing.,

Cognitive Biases

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