Nicholas 2. - Last Czar of Russia (Cousin of German Emperor and King of England), Vladimir Lenin - Leader of the Russian Revolution, Russian Revolution (1917) - Series of events leading to the overthrow of the Russian monarchy and rise of Bolshevik power., Bolsheviks - Faction led by Lenin that pushed for a worker-led revolution and founded the Soviet state., October Revolution 1917 - Bolshevik takeover, toppling the Provisional Government., Red Army - Bolshevik military under Trotsky, crucial in the Civil War., War Communism - Bolshevik policy during Russian Civil War involving state control of resources, industry, and agriculture to support Red Army. Led to economic hardship and was replaced by New Economic Policy (NEP)., Cheka - Secret police set up by Bolsheviks, played a significant role in suppressing opposition and maintaining control through its repressive tactics., Leninism - Lenin's adapted Marxism, stressing vanguard party, revolution, and centralized rule., Brest-Litovsk Treaty (1918) - Peace agreement between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers, ending Russia's involvement in World War I but resulting in significant territorial losses for Russia., Politburo - Highest policy-making body within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, responsible for setting party direction and policy., Josef Stalin - Successor of Lenin, Russian Civil War (1918-1922) - Post-revolution internal conflict between Red (Bolshevik) and White (anti-Bolshevik) forces, ending in Bolshevik victory, Soviet Union (USSR) - State formed in 1922 after the Russian Civil War, comprising various republics under communist rule until its dissolution in 1991,

Lenin's USSR

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