1) What is a pure substance? a) underground bed or layer yielding ground water for wells and springs etc b) the area where a freshwater stream or river merges with the ocean. Often a nursery for young. c) the area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. Most diverse organisms live near the surface. d) matter that has the same chemical composition throughout and cannot be separated into its parts by physical means; examples: elements and compounds 2) What is a mixture? a) the struggle between individuals of the same or different species for food, space, light, etc. b) a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit; example: clown fish and sea anemone c) a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed; example: dog and heartworms d) matter made up of two or more substances that are not joined chemically 3) What is volume? a) a mixture in which substances are evenly distributed; example: a solution, milk, sugar water b) the amount of space something occupies c) the process by which organisms that are best suited to a particular environment survive and reproduce most successfully d) Measure of the amount of matter in a substance 4) What is an element? a) simple substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances b) Prepared or created artificially man-made, not found in nature c) two or more atoms held together by bonds d) vertical column on the Periodic Table; elements in the column share similar properties; also known as a Family 5) What is an homogenous mixture? a) a mixture in which substances are evenly distributed; example: a solution, milk, sugar water b) a mixture in which substances are not distributed evenly; example: a salad, pepperoni pizza, dirt c) the process by which organisms that are best suited to a particular environment survive and reproduce most successfully d) an extremely rapid growth of algae caused by too many nutrients (nitrates & phosphates) in the water 6) What is filtration? a) the amount of salt in water, measure of salt in water b) a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell c) tiny one-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, some of which can cause diseases; come in three shapes (cocci, bacillus, and spirilia) d) an organism that lives on or in a host and causes it harm 7) What is a parasite? a) an organism that lives on or in a host and causes it harm. b) a person who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others c) animal that carries pathogens from person to person d) capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of disease-causing microorganisms 8) What is a vector? a) animal that carries pathogens from person to person. b) A form of technology that uses living organisms, usually genes, to modify products, to make or modify plants and animals, or to develop other microorganisms for specific purposes. c) a trait that helps an organism survive in a particular environment d) body parts of different organisms that perform similar functions but do not have similar structures (does not support theory of a common ancestor) 9) What is adaptation? a) matter that has the same chemical composition throughout and cannot be separated into its parts by physical means; examples: elements and compounds b) a trait that helps an organism survive in a particular environment. c) a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed; example: dog and heartworms d) an outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area 10) What is a pandemic? a) an epidemic that spreads over a large area, or throughout the world. b) an outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area c) a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit; example: clown fish and sea anemone d) matter made up of two or more substances that are not joined chemically 11) What is an epidemic? a) a pure substance that forms when two or more elements join chemically in a fixed proportion b) Less than 7 on the pH scale c) an outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area. d) a characteristic of a substance that can be observed directly (what you see, what you feel, what you smell) or can be measured with a tool without changing the identity of the substance 12) What is algal bloom? a) Submersible that is famous for many expeditions. Especially working on Titanic and hydrothermal vents. b) total mass of the protons and neutrons in an atom, measured in atomic mass units. Found at the bottom of element box. c) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Found in top of element box. d) an extremely rapid growth of algae caused by too many nutrients (nitrates & phosphates) in the water. 13) What is acid? a) less than 7 on the pH scale b) Greater than 7 on the pH scale c) Submersible that is famous for many expeditions. Especially working on Titanic and hydrothermal vents. d) Index fossil. A group of hard-shelled animals whose body had three sections, lived in shallow seas, and became extinct about 245 million years ago. 14) What is symbiosis? a) symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed b) the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent. c) nonliving things in an ecosystem, such as water, temperature, sunlight, pH, nutrients, etc. d) Anything that limits (restricts) the size of a population 15) What are limiting factors? a) anything that limits (restricts) the size of a population b) a method to determine how old a fossil is in years by using radioactive elements called isotopes (Carbon-14) c) symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed d) Another name for a homogeneous mixture. 16) What is solute? a) the substance that is dissolved when making a solution. b) The substance that is doing the dissolving when making a solution. c) the movement of nitrogen among living organisms, the air, and the ground. Keeps level of nitrogen on Earth at a constant amount. d) the process that converts nitrogen in the atmosphere (air) into compounds in the soil that are useful to a variety of organisms. 17) What is neutral? a) Another name for a homogeneous mixture. b) Submersible that is famous for many expeditions. Especially working on Titanic and hydrothermal vents. c) 7 on the pH scale d) Fossil that bears a resemblance to two groups that in present day are classified separately. A fossil that shows change between two closely related species. Supports theory of biological evolution. 18) What is a solution a) another name for a homogeneous mixture. b) the movement of nitrogen among living organisms, the air, and the ground. Keeps level of nitrogen on Earth at a constant amount. c) the process that converts nitrogen in the atmosphere (air) into compounds in the soil that are useful to a variety of organisms. d) the conversion of nitrates and other compounds containing nitrogen into nitrogen gas. 19) What is denitrification? a) a substance needed for growth and repair b) a substance that has been shown to cause cancer c) the process by which nutrients in a lake build up over time, causing an increase in the growth of algae, decline of dissolved oxygen, and eventual "death of the lake" d) the conversion of nitrates and other compounds containing nitrogen into nitrogen gas. 20) What is protein? a) fats and oils used as a secondary source of energy by the body, and used to produce oils that keep hair, skin, and feathers smooth and waterproof. Important also for cells; make up part of the cell membrane. b) a substance needed for growth and repair c) sugars, starches, composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon, broken down into simple sugars by an organism to release energy d) any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects

Chemistry Vocabulary

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