xyy - extra y chromosome = extra agressive and violent, twin studies - identical twins more like to be same then non-identical, adoption studies - whether more like biological parents or adoptive, lombroso - atavistic facial features, sheldons somatotypes - mesomorph more likely to be criminal, brain abnormality - damage to frontal lobe cortex may lead to crime(phineas gage), neurochemicals - chemicals ingested drugs, steroids etc, bandura - positive or negative reinforcement (bobo doll), sutherlands - when learnt from different people or associations, freud - early childhood experiences, id, superego and ego, bowlby - maternal deprivation from mothers, eyesenck - personalities ectravert, neurotic, psychotic, marxism - upper use crime to control lower class as they believe are the cause of crime, mertons strain theory - high goals that not everyone can reach. may become innovator to achieve success, labelling - if are labelled as a criminal. the self-fulfilling prophecy wins, functionalism - crimes inevitable. serves to function, left realism - crime due to inequalities, consumers may seek what cannot afford, right realism - more likely because of weak social restraint,

match theories to there names

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