Nonspecific Defenses - Defenses that guard against infections by keeping most things out of the body, Specific Defense - Defenses track down harmful pathogens that have managed to break through the body’s nonspecific defenses, 1st Line of Defense - Functions to keep pathogens out of the body, 2nd Line of Defense - Also known as the Inflammatory Response, functions as a response to tissue damage, 3rd Line of Defense - Also known as the Immune Response, a series of specific defenses that targets pathogens if they get past the body’s nonspecific defenses, Pathogen - A disease-causing agent (ex. Viruses, bacteria, protists, fungi, etc.), Interferons - A protein that interferes with the replication of viruses, Histamines - Chemicals released by the body that triggers an allergic reaction and other responses, such as increasing blood flow and fluids to a damaged area, Inflammation - Swelling and redness in response to tissue damage, Phagocytes - White blood cells that engulf and digest microorganisms, clear out debris and dead cells and stimulates other cells to help fight disease, Antigen - A substance found on pathogens, triggering an immune response; attaches to antibodies , Antibody - A y-shaped protein that attaches to specific antigens of pathogens and marks them for destruction, B cells and T cells - White blood cells that target pathogens marked by antibodies. , B Cells - Produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins as well as memory cells., T cells - Destroys the body's own cells that have themselves been taken over by viruses or become cancerous, Passive Immunity - A short-lived immunity that is passed from one organism to another. Natural passive immunity- mother to offspring via breastmilk. Artificial passive immunity- anti-venom or vaccines before leaving the country , Active Immunity - Long-term immunity where the person makes their own antibodies. Natural active immunity- the person gets sick. Artificial immunity- person receives a vaccine, Antibiotic Resist.. - The overuse of antibiotics, leading to some bacteria dying and naturally resistant bacteria surviving and reproducing, Antibiotics - Medicine that treats bacterial infections by killing them, interfering with either the formation of the bacterial cell wall or its cell contents, or prevents them from multiplying. Not effective against viruses, Vaccine - A weakened form of a pathogen that gets injected into an individual to help prevent disease,

Immune System

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