Synagogue - A building for Jewish public prayer, study and gathering, Minyan - A group of at least 10 adults; the minimum number of Jews required for a Jewish religious service, Menorah - A 7 branched candlestick, Chanukiah - A 9 branched candlestick, Star of David (Magen David) - A symbol of Judaism, said to represent the shield of King David who ruled Israel in the 10th century BCE, Bimah - A platform in a synagogue from where the Torah is read, Aron Ha Kodesh - The Ark – the holiest part of the synagogue, which contains the Torah scrolls, Rabbi - A Jewish religious leader and teacher, Ner Tamid - Eternal light; a light that is kept burning in the synagogue above the Ark, Orthodox Jews - Jews who emphasise the importance of following the laws and guidance in the Torah, Reform Jews - Jews who believe the laws and guidance in the Torah can be adapted for modern times, Cantor (chazzan) - A person who leads the prayers in the synagogue, Tallit - A prayer shawl, Tefillin - Small leather boxes containing extracts from the Torah, strapped to the wearer’s arm and forehead for morning prayers, Amidah - Also known as the ‘standing prayer’. It is the central prayer of Jewish worship, Shabbat - The Jewish holy day of the week; a day of spiritual renewal starting shortly before sunset on Friday and continuing to night-time on Saturday, Tenakh - The 24 books of Jewish scriptures, Torah - 1. The 5 books of Moses and the first book of the Tenakh , Nevi’im - second section of Tenakh- prophets , Ketuvim - The third section of the Tenakh (writings), Talmud - A commentary by the Rabbis on the Torah. It contains the Mishnah and the Gemara together in one collection, Rituals - Religious ceremonies that are performed according to a set pattern, Brit Milah - Ceremony of male circumcision; the removal of the foreskin for religious reasons, Bar Mitzvah - Celebration of a boy coming of age at 13. Literally ‘son of the commandments’, Bat Mitzvah - Celebration of a girl coming of age at 12. Literally ‘daughter of the commandments’, Marriage - A legal union between a man and a woman (or in some countries, including the UK, two people of the same sex) as partners in a relationship, Mourning - A period of time spent remembering a person who has died, Shiva - An intense period of mourning that lasts for 7 days, Kaddish - A prayer said by Jewish mourners that praises God and asks for peace, Dietary Laws (kashrut) - Rules about food that can be eaten, how to prepare food and information about food combinations and how to use utensils and dishes,

Judaism Practices

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