Community  - Is a group of people and institutions that share geographic, civic, and/or social parameters. , Population - A group of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common e.g. people in a county, city, immigrants, school, teenagers, single mothers, prisoners.., Community Health Nursing - It is apopulation-focused approach to planning, delivering, and evaluating nursing care. It snursing care in the community settings e.g. school nurse., Community-based nursing - Provision of care to an individual or family in the community.  , Community-oriented nursing - Provision of disease prevention and health promotion to populations and communities, Population-focused health - Focuses on a group of individuals. it can be defined by health or social characteristics as well as geographical. e.g 65 and older, Public health - What we as a society do together to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy., Core functions of PH - Assurance, assessment, policy development , System thinking - Studies how an individual or unit interacts with other organizations or systems, Upstream thinking - Focus on interventions that promote health or prevent illness, Social determinant of health - Client's or environmental factors that influence the client’s health such as nutrition, education, income, transportation, housing, genetics.., Health indicators - Describes the health status of a community and serve as targets for the improvement of a community’s health e.g. mortality rate, disease prevalence, obesity.., Caputation - payment arrangement where providers are paid a flat rate per month , Affordable Care Act - Legislation that focussed on increasing access, improving quality, lowering cost and, protection , Evidence-based practice - Involves using best practices, expert opinion, and client preferences to change the delivery of client care., CBPR - Implementing EBP in collaboration with educational institutions, health care facilities, and through community-based participatory research, Health Promotion - Strategies which affect an individual’s overall health, to promote good health to reduce the overall risk for disease, Primary Prevention - Prevention of the initial occurrence of disease or injury, Secondary Prevention - Early detection and treatment of disease with the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects, Tertiary Prevention - Reducing the limitations of disability and promoting rehabilitation following health alterations (sickness), Health belief model of change - Focus on what motivate and individual to change, Transtheoretical stages of change - Changes occur in stages and over time, Ecological model of change - Many factors come to play that explain individual or community behavior- SDOH, individual, politics, culture, environment.., Assurance function of PH - Making sure adequate health care personnel and services are accessible, especially to those who might not normally have them, Assessment function of PH - Monitor health status to identify community health problems, Policy development - Developing laws and practices to promote the health of a population based on scientific evidence., Community assessment  - a comprehensive approach that emphasizes the community as a client, with the goal of providing benefit to the people of the area as a whole, rather than to individuals., Status community assessment - Epidemiological data, Client satisfaction, Mental health, Crime rates, Structure community assessment - Presence of health care facilities, service types and patterns of use, Demographic data, Process community assessment - Relationships, communication, commitment to and participation in health.,

Week 1Terminologies

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