Topography - relief or shape of the land, Basalt plateau - an area of high-lying land formed by a deposit of lava cooling and hardening into basaltic igneous rock, Butte - a small flat topped hill with a cap of resistant rock, Canyon - a large area of deep steep sided river valleys, Conical hill - a small hill with a rounded top, Gorge - a deep steep sided river valley, Mesa - a flat topped hill or tableland with a cap of resistant rock, Pedi plain - a concave surface area of land formed by erosion and retreat of slopes, Plateau - a high lying area of flat land, Strata - layers of rock, Bedding planes - planes separating layers of rock, Sheet wash - rainfall flowing over the land as a sheet, Gullies - small, narrow, long areas of erosion on a slope, Badlands - term used for landscape with narrow gullies and sharp ridges formed in arid climates, Cuesta - a gently tilted area of rock strata., Dip slope - a gentle slope found on an area of inclined strata., Dome - a large mass of cooled igneous rock., Hogsback - a steeply tilted area of rock., Homoclinal ridges - an area of inclined strata formed by the tilting of rock layers., Intrusion - when magma forces its way through weaknesses in other types of rocks., Scarp slope - the steep slope found on an area of inclined strata., Mass wasting - movement of eroded material downhill due to gravity., Undercutting - erosion of rock at the base of a slope with the subsequent collapse of the overhang., Homoclinal shifting - movement of a homoclinal ridge towards the dip slope., Batholiths - are large dome-shaped intrusions of magma which occur at great depths beneath the surface., Laccoliths - smaller mushroom shaped intrusions of magma., Lopoliths - pan or saucer shaped intrusions. , Dykes - vertical sheets of dolerite that form from magma., Sills - horizontal layers of dolerite that form from magma., Exfoliation - the peeling off of rocks in layers due to expansion and contraction.,
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geomorphology 1
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