HYPOSPADIAS - Urethra on the ventral (bottom) of the penis. No circumcision until after correction, EPISPADIAS - Urethra on the dorsal (upper) surface of the penis. No circumcision until after correction, PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE - If the patient is hospitalized, maintain hydration via IV fluids. Administer analgesics as needed for pain. Semi-Fowler Positioning facilitates pelvic drainage, HYDROCELE - Fluid in the scrotal sac, usually is a benign and self-limiting disorder. Usually resolves by 1 year spontaneously., TESTICULAR TORSION - Surgical correction is necessary immediately. Administer pain medication prior to surgery. IT IS A SURGICAL EMERGENCY AS NECROSIS OF THE TESTIS MAY OCCUR & GANGRENE MAY SET IN, EPIDIDYMITIS - Inflammation, Hardening, and Tender epididymis, CRYPTORCHIDISM - Undescended testicles that cannot be "milked" down the inguinal canal, VARICOCELE - enlarged veins of the spermatic cord, RETRACTILE TESTIS - A testis (testicle) that may be brought into the scrotum, remains for a time, and then retracts back up the inguinal canal. This should not be confused with true cryptorchidism.,

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