rock - a natural material composed of one or more minerals., crust - the thin, outermost layer of the Earth., lustre - the light-reflecting properties, or "shininess" of minerals., streak - the colour of a mineral in powdered form; a property useful in the identification of minerals., cleavage - of a mineral, the characteristic of splitting along smooth, flat planes., fracture - the breaking of a mineral split into jagged, rough pieces where breakage is not controlled by cleavage., metallic ores - rocks that contain a high proportion of metal and metal oxides., igneous rock - the type of rock that is formed by the solidification of hot magma., magma - melted rock, formed under Earth's crust by high temperature and pressure; escapes to Earth's surface as lava., sedimentary rock - the most common type of rock on Earth's surface; formed by compacting of sediment., fossils - any trace or remains of once-living organisms., metamorphic rock - a type of rock made when high pressure and heat act on another type of rock and change it into a new form., parent rock - the original rock that was acted on by high pressure and heat to form a metamorphic rock., rock cycle - the naturally occurring process in which rocks continue to change form over long period of time., weathering - the process in which rocks are broken down and sediment is formed by mechanical, chemical, or biological means., erosion - the process of moving soil and rock from one place to another., soil - a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, mineral fragments, water and air., soil profile - a description of the characteristics of the different layers that make up a particular soil., water-holding capacity - the ability of a soil to retain water; soils with low allow a great deal of water to permeate through them., loam - a type of soil that is good for plant growth; made up of sand, silt and clay.,

Science Chapter 10 Definitions PART 1

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