hydraulic action - air is forced into cracks in rocks, attrition - rocks in the sea bash together to become smaller, abrasion - sandpapering effect of rocks against a rocky platform or cliff, corrasion - rocks hurled at cliffs, gouges to erode it, solution - sea water dissolves minerals in rocks, traction - large pebbles rolled along cliff bed, saltation - bouncing motion of particles too heavy to be suspended, suspension - articles carried in water, longshore drift - sediment moved along beach in zigzag motion, deposition - sediment loses energy after transportation and deposits, hard engineering - artificial structures to control nature processes, soft engineering - less intrusive, most sustainable, better for environment, hard engineering examples - sea wall, groynes, gabions, rock armour, soft engineering examples - beach nourishment, dune regeneration, dune fencing, mechanical weathering - freeze thaw, chemical weathering - solution, biological weathering - actions of flora and fauna, mass movement: sliding - material shifts down in a straight line, mass movement: slumping - saturated roil and soil rotate down impermeable rock, mass movement: rock falls - base of cliffs eroded, rock left unsupported and falls, erosional landforms - caves, arches, stacks, stumps, sand dunes, bars, spits, tombolo's, ,

aqa gcse geography coastal processes

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