Describe two ways up-to-date, accurate and complete information can add value to an organisation to aid decision making. - Describe 2 of these: Gaining competitive advantage, Monitoring progress, Looking at trends, Targeting resources, What is Data? - Data consists of raw facts and figures., What is Information? - Information is data which has been processed by the computer, What is Knowledge? - Knowledge is derived from information by applying rules to it., Give 2 advantages of encoding data - saves time typing in the data: Fewer transcription errors : Less hard disk space required: Processing is faster (because less RAM required), Give 2 disadvantages of encoding data - can coarsen data: Limited choice leading to less accurate data: Limited choice leading to less precision: Value judgement, Name the 6 characteristics of good quality information - Accurate: Correctly targeted: Understandable: Complete: Relevant: Up-to-date, Name 3 data validation checks - presence, format, range, data type, fixed value, check digit, Data errors occurs during what?: Hint T T I P - Transcription, Transmission, Input and Processing, What is Data Validation? - Validation is a check performed by a computer program during data entry. It is the process that ensures the data is both sensible and reasonable., Validation protects against data entry errors, there are 2 types. Name and describe them. - Transcription errors: Errors made when typing data in using a document as the source of the data: Transposition errors: Errors made when characters are swapped around so they are in the wrong order, What is the purpose of Data Verification? - Verification checks that data being entered into the computer exactly matches the source of the data., What are the 3 methods of Data Verification? - Proof reading: Double entry of data: Sending back printouts, Describe 3 Advantages of ICT over manual methods of processing data - Any description of: Repetitive processing, Speed of processing, Data storage capacity: Speed of searching, Accuracy and speed of data communications, The ability to produce different output formats, Describe 2 factors effecting the efficiency of data processing systems. - Software, Hardware, Suitability of OS, Insufficient testing, Maintenance procedures, Describe what mailmerge is in the context of Word Processing software - Incorporating data automatically from a store/database into an outline document linked to fields.: e.g. Creating a set of letters informing patients of their test results., Describe what macros are in the context of Word Processing software - A reusable (stored) list of instructions which is used to automate a task.: A small program to perform a repetitive task which can be created and stored for later use by a user., What is a transcription error? - An error that occurs during the process of copying data from a source document to the computer, Describe two benefits that using a computer network gives the organisation’s network manager. - can monitor what work staff are doing from a central point; can install software from a central point; Backups can be done centrally; User security policies can be centrally administered, Give a definition of an Intranet - A private internet OR a closed / private network only accessible within the organisation, Describe two benefits the Internet has brought to working practices. - Cloud Storage, Dropbox, Collaborative working, Teleworking ,Email services, Videoconferencing, Give two ways to prevent malware - Keep your computer and software updated; Use a non-administrator account whenever possible; Think twice before clicking links or downloading anything; Be careful about opening email attachments or images; Don't trust pop-up windows that ask you to download software; Limit your file-sharing; Use antivirus software, This allows the computer to read the text that has been entered or it can be used to output a response. - Speech Synthesis, Give a suitable use for a Touch Sensitive panel or console - buying tickets at railway stations; in shopping centres to get information about shops; in museums to allow children to gather information; in shops to pay for goods, Give a use of a Command Line interface - Expert using it to find information on network/system configuration: Writing small batch files in DOS, Describe two Acts covering the use of computers - The Computer Misuse Act : The Copyright, Design and Patents Act (1988): Data Protection Act 2018, Describe three health concerns with using Computers - Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI); Eye strain; Back ache; Obesity; Physical injury; Addiction; Depression, What is a Database? - A database is a large collection of data items and links between them. The database itself is a collection of related records., What is a database query? - A query is when you interrogate (search, sort, filter) a database to find some information., What is an import/export in regards to software? - The ability of a piece of software to read and use the data produced by a different piece of software. Transferring data from one piece of software/application to another., What is simulation modelling? - Use of a program to predict the behaviour of a real life system.: The program produces a series of mathematical equations and scenarios that mimic a real life situation., Give 3 Advantages of simulation modelling - Possible to experience a lot more simulations ; Cheaper as you will not waste money on impossible actions ; Safer (in certain situations); Can explore different scenarios more easily; No equipment is damaged; People aren't put in any danger; Expensive prototypes don't need to be built, Describe how a company can use a spreadsheet. - Examples include payroll, profit and loss, sales, financial forecasting, quotes for customers, billing, staffing options., Give 3 disadvantages of simulation modelling - Model could oversimplify the situation; data errors in formulas will spoil accuracy; Models and simulations can't ever completely re-create real-life situations.; Not every possible situation may have been included in the model.; The equipment and software are expensive to purchase.,

IT1 FLASH CARDS REVISION (ALL BUT TOPIC 6)

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