population - group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area, community - group of different populations that live in the same area, ecosystem - a community along with the abiotic factors present in the area, biosphere - the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land, water, and atmosphere, niche - role organism plays in its habitat (who does it eat, who eats it), predation - interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism, parasitism - relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed, mutualism - relationship between two organisms where both benefit, commensalism - relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is not affected, competition - when organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same resources in the same place at the same time, food web - network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem, trophic level - position an organism occupies in a food chain or food web (primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer), autotroph - an organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer, heterotroph - an organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes; also called a consumer, energy pyramid - an ecological pyramid which shows the relative amount of energy in each trophic level in an ecosystem, carrying capacity - the maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources, biodiversity - the total number of the variety of organisms in the biosphere., primary succession - succession that occurs in a newly formed habitat with no soil, that has never before sustained life (results from retreating glaciers, volcanoes, etc.), secondary succession - the rebuilding of an ecosystem that was disrupted or destroyed due to natural disasters or human impact, but soil is still present, climax community - organisms at the end of an ecological succession, pioneer species - first species to populate an area during primary succession (ex. lichen), biotic factor - a living component of an ecosystem, abiotic factor - any non living component of an ecosystem (sunlight, air, water, soil), Biome  - an area classified according to the species that live in that location. Ex: tundra, rainforest, deciduous forest, marine…, Keystone Species - an organism that helps define an entire ecosystem; wolves at Yellowstone National Park., Invasive Species - an organism that causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native; zebra mussels, Razorbacks, Emerald Ash Borer, Ecological Cycle - the movement of materials through different spheres in the world. Ex: Carbon Cycle , Water Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle.,

Ecology Vocab

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