Vertical farming and urban orchards. Current ____ suggest that by 2050 the world will be ____ by 9 billion people, 80% of whom will live in cities. To some extent, ____ farming will have to happen. But, if done smartly, it could ____ the way we view food production and create a local food movement for the urbanite. Mixed-use ____ are the perfect example of a smart city ____, putting those tall, glass buildings to good use as ____. But at ground level too, mixed-use parks and urban orchards could begin to ____ food to the masses. Smart lampposts. Lampposts are not only the most ____ element of the smart city, but potentially one of the most effective. Already connected to the electric grid and spanning the ____ and breadth of any urban area, they run like veins through a city. Replacing ____ bulbs with LED lighting could reduce a city's lighting bill by 80%. Further ____ could be made by using sensors that ____ whether people are on the street, turning the light off when it's not needed. But lampposts can do much more than simply ____ the streets. Barcelona is trialling sensors on lampposts that will monitor C02 ____ and noise levels, while other cities are laying broadband cables alongside ____ cables, making lampposts effective Wi-Fi hubs. Mixed-use buildings and inner-city energy generation. Modern city infrastructure is ____ mixed-use. The Olympic Park development, for example, not only gave London new sports stadiums, but also created the biggest urban park in Europe for 150 years, a new university, allotment space and ____ housing. The best example currently in ____, however, combines two smart city necessities: mixed-use building and renewable urban energy ____. And then there's ____ recycling and recreation too. A 100-metre-tall incinerator in the heart of Copenhagen is generating energy by ____ urban waste, while its sloped roof functions as a park in summer and a ski ____ in winter. Central/integrated operations centres. A smart city cannot truly be a smart city ____ an integrated operations centre. Smart cities mean that we now live in a world of multiple ____ of data. Computers and sensors can tell us how people use cities, the ____ of transport systems, and where and when energy is used. That information would once have been collated by a person with a clipboard stopping people on the street. But now that the information is produced ____. This is where the integrated operations centre comes in: lots of people, lots of ____ and lots of information feeds, collating and utilising information to design more efficient systems. It is the ____ heart of a smart city. Smart bins. Did you think a bin was just for ____ stuff away in? Wrong. In London's Square Mile there are already more than 100 “smart bins”. As well as being a receptacle for ____, they feature digital screens broadcasting a live channel of breaking headline news and live traffic information. They can also communicate ____ with mobile devices through Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technology. And they're bombproof. The question is whether it's a temporary gimmick, but one thing it proves is that “mixed use” isn't a concept ____ to buildings. Even the most ____ objects of urban ____ will need to do more than one job in the smart city. Smartphones. The greatest leap forward in smart ____ has nothing to do with town planning or urban design. Rather, it is the smartphone. We now hold computers in our pockets far more ____ than the desktops we had 10 years ago. With GPS technology and map apps, they have the dual benefit of allowing us to ____ the city with ease, and ____ data for city and transport planners to better understand how we are using the city. But even more potent is the potential of apps that allow users to ____ location information with each other, recommend shops and restaurants, plan cycle ____, set-up community ____ or even interact directly with a city's integrated operations centre.

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