earthquake - a sudden shaking of the earth, focus / hypocenter - the point beneath the surface where an earthquake begins, epicenter - the point on the surface directly above the focus, seismometer / seismograph - device that records earthquake waves, seismogram - picture or graph of seismic wave, P waves - travel through solids, liquids, and gases; arrives first to a recording station, S waves - can travel only through solids; second to arrive at a recording station, body waves - seismic waves that travel through the interior of the earth, surface waves - seismic waves that travel only on the surface of the earth, tsunami - huge wave generated by the sudden movement of the ocean floor; caused by earthquakes, submarine landslides, or volcanic eruptions, Richter Scale - measures the magnitude of seismic waves, Moment Magnitude Scale - measures the energy released by an earthquake, Modified Mercalli Scale - measures the intensity of an earthquake by how much damage is done to man-made structures,

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