1) The totality of all matter, energy, and space. a) Universe b) Nebula c) Cosmology 2) It is the widely accepted cosmological explanation of the universe. a) Steady-State Theory b) Big Bang Theory c) Plasma Universe 3) The Sun's energy is generated from the fusion of a) hydrogen nuclei to form deuterium nuclei b) hydrogen nuclei to form beryllium nuclei c) hydrogen nuclei to form helium nuclei 4) The temperature at the central core of the Sun is estimated to be a) 150 million Celsius b) 15 million Kelvin c) 15 million Fahrenheit 5) According to the Big Bang theory, when did the universe begin? a) 13.8 billion years ago b) 13.7 billion years ago c) between 13 to 15 billion years ago 6) Nearly 100% of the mass of Earth's core is composed of these two elements a) Iron and Nickel b) Oxygen and Silicon c) Oxygen and Carbon 7) This diagram is used to plot the absolute magnitude or brightness of starts against its temperature. a) Richter Magnitude Scale b) Hertzsprung-Russell (or H-R) diagram c) Scatter diagram 8) When the Sun moves off the main sequence, it will next become a a) Red giant star b) Variable star c) Supernova 9) A star's life cycle is determined by its mass, which means that a) The larger its mass, the shorter its life cycle. b) The lesser its mass, the longer its life cycle. c) Both a and b are correct 10) In 1869, he published the original periodic table. a) Dmitri Mendeleev b) Democritus c) Henry Moseley 11) The majority of stars are small, cool, type-M stars called a) Red giant stars b) Red dwarfs c) White dwarfs 12) The most modern definition of an element is a) A substance in which all the atoms have the same number of protons b) A substance in which all atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons c) A substance in which all the atoms have the same number of electrons 13) The ancient Greek who is known for championing the concept of atom. a) Aristotle b) Democritus c) John Dalton 14) Democritus was the first person to use the term atom, and he called these pieces "atomos" a) the building blocks of matter b) meaning literally “divisible” c) meaning literally “indivisible” 15) The "Billiard Ball Model" of the atom is associated with a) John Dalton b) Joseph John Thomson c) Ernest Rutherford 16) He discovered negatively charged electrons in 1897. a) John Dalton b) Joseph John Thomson c) Ernest Rutherford 17) He was famous for his cathode-ray tube technology and "Plum Pudding Model" of atom. a) Niels Henrik David Bohr b) J. J. Thomson c) Ernest Rutherford 18) He discovered the nucleus of an atom through his famous "Gold Foil Experiment" in 1911. a) Eugene Goldstein b) Niels Henrik David Bohr c) Ernest Rutherford 19) The "Planetary Model of Atom" is associated with a) Ernest Rutherford b) Niels Henrik David Bohr c) Eugene Goldstein 20) The mass number, also called the atomic mass number, is the total number of a) Protons and neutrons b) Protons c) Neutrons

THE UNIVERSE (Matter and Materials)

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